Yan-Qing Ma ( 马滟青 ) Peking University The Second Sino-Americas Workshop and School on the Bound-State Problem in Continuum QCD, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Nov. 16 th, 2015
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Hadronization Observed by detector: Why hadronization? How hadronization? Study hadron production! Produced at initial: Partons (guess) Hadrons Hadronization in QCD
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Heavy quarkonium The simplest system: two body problem “Hydrogen atom in QCD”, “an ideal laboratory in QCD” Production: best way to study hadronization
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Property Multiple well-separated scales : Quark mass: M Momentum:Mv Energy:Mv 2 Involving both perturbative and nonperturbative physics
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Factorization and hadronization models Short-distance and long distance parts Approximation: on-shell pair + hadronization
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Historical review of quarkonium production Einhorn, Ellis (1975), Chang (1980), Berger, Jone (1981), … Fritzsch (1977), Halzen (1977), … Bodwin, Braaten, Lepage, , … Kang, Qiu, Sterman, Fleming, Leibovich, Mehen, Rothstein Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman, , … Kang, YQM, Venugopalan, Qiu, Sun, Xiao, Yuan, , … Bodwin, Braaten, Lee,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Outline I. Success and failure of NRQCD framework
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 NRQCD Factorization Factorization formula Bodwin, Braaten, Lepage, Hadronization (LDMEs) Long distance (~1/(m c v)) input. Parton distribution function Long distance (~1/ Λ QCD ) Production of heavy quark pair Short distance (~1/m c ) perturbative calculable.
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 YQM, Wang, Chao,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 ATLAS, Comparison with new data Perfect agreement!
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 LO NRQCD: polarization puzzle CDF,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 NRQCD: Butenschöen, Kniehl, Chao,YQM,Shao,Wang,Zhang, Gong,Wan,Wang,Zhang, Results depend on the extracted CO LDMEs
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Problems with NLO NRQCD Perturbation convergent? Need how many orders? See Yu Jia’s talk for NNLO calculation
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 NRQCD: summary Most puzzles can be understood qualitatively at NLO No all order proof of NRQCD factorization Other methods are needed for these extreme regions Factorization correct at least up to NNLO Nayak, Qiu, Sterman,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Outline I. Success and failure of NRQCD framework
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Leading power: collinear factorization, single parton fragmentation Collins, Soper (1982) Braaten, Yuan, Nayak, Qiu, Sterman, NLP: important for heavy quarkonium produciton Kang, Qiu, Sterman, Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman, Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman, A rigorous collinear factorization method up to NLP
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 2 Collinear factorization approach Ideas: Factorization correct to all order Qiu, Sterman (1991) Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Factorization Factorization formalism:
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Evolution Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman, Evolution equations at NLP: Independence of the factorization scale:
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Predictive power Calculation of short-distance hard parts in pQCD: Calculation of evolution kernels in pQCD: Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman, Kang, YQM, Qiu, Sterman,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Input fragmentation function YQM, Zhang, Qiu, YQM, Zhang, Qiu, YQM, Zhang, Qiu, NLO is now available for all channels Complicated: different quarkonium states require different input distributions! Apply NRQCD to the input distributions at initial scale
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Reproducing plain NRQCD YQM, Qiu, Sterman, Zhang, LO LP+NLP comparing with NLO NRQCD LO analytical results reproduce NLO NRQCD calculations (numerical) !
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 The collinear factorization framework is ready to use, potentially better convergence Calculating hard parts to NLO Before resummation, potentially can reproduce NNLO NRQCD Global analysis, based on collinear factorization formalism including NLP and evolution A lot of works to be done! Solving the double parton evolution equations
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Outline I. Success and failure of NRQCD framework
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Berger, Qiu, Wang, Sun, Yuan, Yuan, Sudakov double logarithm Feng, Lansberg, Wang, Small-x effect can be important
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC effective field theory Color Glass Condensate McLerran, Venugopalan,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+CEM Fujii, Gelis, Venugopalan, Fujii, Watanabe, Ducloue, Lappi, Mantysaari, Watanabe, Xiao, But CEM: A simply and intuitive model
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+NRQCD Kang, YQM, Venugopalan, Qiu, Sun, Xiao, Yuan, NRQCD factorization: Via many channels, both CS and CO
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Dilute-dense formula at LO Short distance for CO channels in CGC Short distance for CS channels in CGC Kang, YQM, Venugopalan, Scope of application: High energy p+A or p+p collision Quarkonium produced in forward rapidity region
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 YQM, Venugopalan, RHIC data at central rapidity: agreement is not very good As expected: CGC+NRQCD good for high energy and forward rapidity
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 YQM, Venugopalan, Zhang,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Apply for other quarkonium states is possible NLO calculation in CGC+NRQCD framework is important and urgent!! Plenty of data at LHC NRQCD+CGC: the most rigorous method Sudakov resummation in CEM+CGC : How to resum in NRQCD+CGC? Watanabe, Xiao, Thank you!
Back up
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Bodwin, Chung, Kim, Lee, Faccioli,Knunz,Lourenco,Seixas,Wohri, agreed by new studies
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+CEM Fujii, Gelis, Venugopalan, Fujii, Watanabe, Ducloue, Lappi, Mantysaari, Watanabe, Xiao, CEM:
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+CEM: p+p Fujii, Watanabe, Bad agreement:
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+CEM: p+A Fujii, Watanabe, Bad agreement:
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 ALICE, Fujii, Watanabe, RHIC: LHC: Disagree with data Rule out the CGC method???
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+CEM: improved (1) Ducloue, Lappi, Mantysaari, Using the collinear “hybrid” frame work Introduce impact-parameter-dependent initial condition Marginally describe data
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 CGC+CEM: improved (2) Watanabe, Xiao,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Comparison with other methods Quasi-classical approximation Our CS channel reproduce the work: Dominguez, Kharzeev, Levin, Mueller, Tuchin, Only dipoles are involved in CEM calculation. No quadrupole. Kang, YQM, Venugopalan,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Parameters for p+p YQM, Venugopalan, An approximation for quadrupole Self-consistent: exact when any two adjacent positions coincide Checked: a good approximation to the quadrupole Dipole distributions: Albacete, Dumitru, Fujii, Nara, NRQCD CO matrix elements Chao,YQM,Shao,Wang,Zhang,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Good agreement with data Worst agreement with RHIC data at central rapidity
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Good agreement with data Worst agreement with RHIC data at central rapidity
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Parameters for p+A YQM, Venugopalan, Zhang, Dusling, Gelis, Lappi, Venugopalan,
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Good agreement with data Worst agreement with RHIC data at central rapidity
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Many uncertainties can be cancelled in the ratio
Yan-Qing Ma, Peking University CCNU, Nov. 16 th, /34 Agreement with data