Classifying Organisms

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Presentation transcript:

Classifying Organisms Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Classifying Organisms

What methods are used to classify living things? Essential Questions What methods are used to classify living things? Why does every species have a scientific name?

New Vocabulary Binomial Nomenclature Species Genus Dichotomous Key Cladogram

Classifying Living Things Carolus Linnaeus was one of the first scientists to classify organisms (What does it mean to classify things?) He classified them into 2 main groups called kingdoms Based on similar structures

Determining Domains Systematics: The current classification method for organisms Uses all known evidence to classify organisms Cell type How food and energy are obtained Structure and function of features Common ancestry Molecular analysis Organisms are now classified into one of 3 Kingdoms and then into one of 6 Kingdoms.

Domains and Kingdoms

Scientific Names Binomial Nomenclature: is a system for naming organisms with 2 word scientific name: Species name (group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring) Genus name (group of similar species) Example: Ursus arctos (Grizzly Bear) Ursus = Genus arctos = Species

Scientific Names (Continued) What domain does the Grizzly Bear belong to? What kingdom?

Scientific Names (Continued) Binomial nomenclature was developed by Linneaeus Scientific names are important because each species has its own scientific name These are the same worldwide Scientists don’t get confused about which species they are talking about

Classification Tools Dichotomous key: is a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that lead the user to the identification of an unknown organism. Cladogram: is a branched diagram that shows the relationship among the organisms, including common ancestors.

Dichotomous Key

Cladogram

Is my poster of life a dichotomous key or a cladogram? Question: Is my poster of life a dichotomous key or a cladogram?

Review How many scientific names does each organism have? 1 2 3 Many

Review Which of these refers to the system for naming organisms with two identifying scientific terms? Genus Cladogram Binomial Domains Binomial Nomenclature

Review Which of these refers to a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that help identify an unknown organism? Dichotomous key Domain Cladogram Genus

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