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Announcements Contracts? Thanks for RSVPs, half folks coming. Website: How to read a grade-sheet.

Test the endosymbiosis hypothesis… 1. What evidence could you look for? 2. Design an experiment: PCR, scope, antibiotic?

Evidence for Endosymbiosis Mitochondria/Chloroplasts Bacteria Morphology/Behavior: They swim around in your cells, divide, look like cyanobacteria etc Anatomy: Have 2 membranes, inner like bacteria & outer like plasma membrane. Molecular: Their own genes & ribosomes, that function- sequences of genes, ribosomes, same as bacteria, antibiotic, circular no histones Pathogens: Undigested prey or parasites via endo

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? A.nuclear envelope B.chloroplast C.Golgi apparatus D.plasma membrane E.ER

Which statement correctly characterizes “bound” ribosomes? A. Bound ribosomes are enclosed in a membrane. B. Bound and free ribosomes are structurally different. C. Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins. D. The most common location for bound ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. A. All of the above.

Radioactively labeled amino acids in newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track them. In this case, we are tracking an enzyme secreted by pancreatic cells. What is its most likely pathway? A.ER→Golgi→nucleus B.Golgi→ER→lysosome C.nucleus→ER→Golgi D.ER→Golgi→vesicles that fuse with plasma mem. E.ER→lysosomes→vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

Chalk Talk How to make a CFTR channel