HEAD AND FACE INJURIES CHAPTER 5 & 6
SKULL 28 BONES DESIGNED TO PROTECT THE BRAIN SUTURE-SPOT WHERE TWO BONES IN THE SKULL COME TOGETHER MANDIBLE-ONLY MOVEABLE BONE IS SKULL
SKULL
THE BRAIN WEIGHS 3LBS BRAIN CELLS GROW AND DEVELOP UNTIL AGE 18, AFTER THAT DESTROYED BRAIN CELLS ARE NOT REPRODUCED 20% OF TOTAL BODY OXYGEN 15% OF TOTAL BODY BLOOD SUPPLY
BRAIN AFTER 4-6 MINUTES WITHOUT OXYGEN BRAIN DEATH OCCURS
LOBES OF THE BRAIN OCCIPITAL- VISION TEMPORAL- HEARING AND SPEECH PARIETAL- SENSATION FRONTAL- VOLUNTARY MUSCLE MOVEMENT, EMOTION, EYE MOVEMENT
LOBES OF THE BRAIN CEREBELLUM- MUSCLE ACTIONS, EQUILIBRIUM, REFLEXES RIGHT SIDE OF BRAIN CONTROLS LEFT SIDE OF BODY AND VICE VERSA
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID BATHES THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD IN CHEMICALS FOR PROPER FUNCTIONING MAINTAIN PRESSURE SEVER HEAD INJURY CAN CAUSE FLUID TO DRAIN FROM EARS AND NOSE ALLOW THE FLUID TO DRAIN
SCALP SKIN THAT COVERS THE SKULL PROTECTS AGAINST INFECTIONS HAIR PROTECTS SCALP FROM SUN, KEEPS DIRT AND SWEAT AWAY FROM EYES
HEMATOMA BREAKING OF BLOOD VESSLES UNDERSKIN KNOT
PREVENTING HEAD INJURIES HELMETS- CORRECT SIZE MOUTH GUARDS- W/O MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA CAN COLLIDE WHICH WILL CAUSE A CONCUSSION OR LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS RULES
HEAD INJURY MECHANISMS IMPACT MOST COMMON TEMPORAL REGION MOST COMMONLY INJURED BRAIN MOVES TO OPPOSITE SIDE OF IMPACT NERVE RECEPTORS CAN BECOME OVERLOADED CAUSING ATHLETE TO BECOME UNCONSCIOUS AT THIS TIME THE BRAIN SORTS ALL THE IMPULSES BEFORE THE ATHLETE RETURNS TO CONSCIOUSNESS
ANATOMY OF FACIAL REGION 18 BONES OF THE FACE MAJOR BONES: MAXILLAE-UPPER JAW MANDIBLE-LOWER JAW ZYGOMATIC-CHEEKBONES SPHENOID BONE-SINUSES NASAL BONE-BRIDGE OF NOSE
ANATOMY OF FACIAL REGION
THE EYE SITS IN ORBITAL FORAMEN LACK OF EYE MOVEMENT INDICATES HEAD INJURY OR EYE INJURY AN INJURY THAT OCCURS FLUID TO DRAIN FROM EYE CAN CAUSE BLINDNESS
EYE ANATOMY SCLERA-WHITE PART OF EYE DISCOLORATION= LACK OF OXYGEN, LIVER DISEASE, POISONING
ANATOMY OF EYE CORNEA- COVERS IRIS AND PUPIL, ADMITS LIGHT, CAN BE INJURED BY CONTACT LENSES OR SCRATCHED IRIS RESPONDS TO LIGHT AND CHANGES THE SIZE OF THE PUPIL WHICH ADMITS LIGHT INTO THE EYE BRIGHT LIGHT- SMALLER PUPIL DARKNESS- LARGER PUPIL
ANATOMY OF EYE RETINA- CONTAINS RODS AND CONES RODS- BLACK AND WHITE CONES-COLOR VISION OPTIC NERVE- SENDS SIGNALS TO BRAIN DAMAGE RESULTS IN BLINDNESS
ANATOMY OF EYE TEAR GLAND- UPPER LATERAL SIDE TEARS WASH DIAGNOLLY AND DRAIN INTO DUCT
THE EAR PINNA- FUNNEL SOUND EAR CANNAL- CARRIES SOUND TYMPANIC MEMBRANE-EAR DRUM EAR WAX- KEEP DIRT AWAY FROM MEMBRANE
THE NOSE NASAL BONES- TWO SMALL BONES ON BRIDGE OF NOSE REST OF NOSE IS CARTILAGE HAIRS- FILTER IMPURITIES AIR THAT IS INHALED THROUGH THE NOSE IS WARMED, CLEANSED, AND MOISTURIZED BETTER FOR ASTHMA AND RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
MOUTH MANDIBLE ( LOWER JAW) MAXILLAE ( UPPER JAW) TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT TONGUE PALATE (ROOF) TEETH (32 ?) - LIVE TOOTH=WHITE, DEAD TOOTH=GREY
TEETH
PREVENTING FACIAL INJURIES WEAR PROPER EQUIPMENT HELMETS MOUTH GUARDS FACE MASKS GOGGLES HEADGEAR SPECIAL MASKS OR PADDING
FACIAL INJURIES