Mental Disorders Ch. 4 Section 1

Mental Disorders paragraph:1 page:1 and top of page 2 ● Mental health experts see abnormal thoughts, feelings, or behaviors as symptoms of a mental disorder. A mental disorder is an illness that affects the mind and reduces a person’s ability to function, to adjust to change, or to get along with others. Physical factors, heredity, early experiences, and recent experiences can cause mental disorders. ●What are mental disorders? Three general symptoms of a mental Disorder... a.Abnormal thoughts b.Abnormal feelings c.Abnormal behaviors (top of page 2)

Mental Disorders Sometimes a mental disorder has a single cause but more often it is a combination of factors. Heredity at > risk if events in life trigger the disorder Causes of Mental Disorders Physical Factors Such as Damage to the brain Early Experiences Such as Child abuse or neglect Recent Experiences **more likely than early experiences to trigger a disorder. Such as Death of a loved one bottom of page 2

ADHD/Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Mental disorder that appears in childhood. Signs of attention deficit: ●doesn’t pay attention to details ●makes careless mistakes ●does not seem to listen ●is disorganized ●forgets to do daily activities ●is easily distracted ●has difficulty following instructions Signs of hyperactivity: ●fidgets or squirms while seated ●has trouble staying in seat ●frequently runs about or climbs ●has trouble working quietly ●talks excessively ●has trouble waiting or taking turns ●interrupts others

Anxiety paragraph: 2 page: 1 ●Anxiety is fear caused by a source that you cannot identify or a source that is not as much of a threat as you might think. It is normal to have anxiety but when it persists over a long period of time and interferes with your daily life it is a sign of anxiety disorder.

Anxiety paragraph 3 summary ●Anxiety that is related to a specific situation or object is called a phobia. ●Some symptoms someone might have during a panic attack are fast heart rate, rapid breathing, believes he/she is dying, fear of suffocation, dizziness and fear of losing control. ●An unwanted thought or image that takes control of the mind is called obsession. ●An obsession may lead to a obsessive-compulsive disorder, an unreasonable need to behave in a certain way to prevent a feared outcome. ●People who survive and witness a life threatening event may develop post traumatic stress disorder.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder Description: intense worrying, fears, or anxiety on most days for a minimum of 6 months. These thoughts and emotions do not have a single source and may occur in many different situations. Warning signs: irritability, restlessness, fatigue, trouble sleeping or concentrating. Phobia Description: anxiety that is related to a special object or situation. Warning signs: dizziness, trouble breathing, heart pounding. Common Phobias: Arachnophobia- Fear of spidersAcrophobia-Fear of high places Aviophobia- Fear of flyingAgoraphobia- Fear of open/public places Claustrophobia- Fear of small, closed-in placesOphidiophobia- Fear of snakes Anxiety Disorders Chart

Nomophobia is the fear of being out of mobile phone contact.mobile phone List of Common Phobias st-common-phobias/ Phobia all teens have:

Panic Attack Description: a feeling of intense fear and a strong desire to flee for no known reason Warning signs: fast heart rate, rapid breathing, fear of suffocation, choking sensation, sweating. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Description: an unwanted thought that controls the mind: cannot stop thinking about something, may lead to behaving in an unreasonable way to stop the feared outcome. Warning signs:keeps repeating the same actions. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Description: anxiety disorder produced by surviving or witnessing a life threatening event Warning signs: flashbacks, nightmares, trouble sleeping or concentrating.

Common Disorders in Teens Some teens have mood disorders or schizophrenia. Others have impulse control disorder or personality disorders. A person with a mood disorder experiences extreme emotions that make it difficult to function well in daily life. With bipolar disorder, manic episodes alternate with periods of deep depression. Depression is an emotional state in which a person feel extremely sad and hopeless. Schizophrenia is one of the most serious mental disorders. A person with impulse control disorder cannot resist the impulse to act in a way that is harmful to themselves or others. People with personality disorder display rigid patterns of behaviors that make it difficult for them to get along with others.

Other Mental Disorders Mood disorders: People with mood disorders experience extreme emotions that make it difficult to function well in their daily lives. Bipolar Disorder- (Also called manic-depressive disorder) ●Mood disorder in which manic episodes alternate with depression. ●During manic episodes people are overly excited and restless. ➢ May talk so rapidly that it’s impossible to follow ➢ Difficulty concentration on one thing ➢ Often show poor judgment Depression- is an emotional state in which a person feels extremely sad and hopeless Schizophrenia : means split mind. People with this disorder have minds that are “split off” or separated from reality. This is identified by severe disturbances in thinking, mood, awareness and behavior.

●Rarely harmful to others and may appear normal at times ●May talk to themselves ●Display inappropriate emotional responses ●Dress and act strangely and withdraw from others ●May believe that someone or something controls thoughts or wants to harm them

Impulse-control disorder: People with Impulse control disorder cannot resist the impulse, or drive to act in the way that is harmful to themselves or others. Other Mental Disorder Pt.2 Example: Kleptomania- Cannot resist the urge to take items that they don’t need or want. Gambling- The need to gamble is so great that they will go into debt or even steal to continue to do it. (ON the rise in male teens) Why? Online gambling, poker tournaments on tv. Uncontrolled shopping- Buy things that they do not need and know they don’t need them. Interferes with work, school, family obligations or causes financial problems. 85% are female

Personality disorder Displaying rigid pattern of behavior that make it difficult for them to get along with other. Most of them fall in into these three broad groups. Group A: Cold and distant, cannot form close relationships, can be so absorbed in their own thoughts that they withdraw from reality. Ex: Paranoid Personality Disorder- Overly suspicious of other people. Group B: Overly emotional or unstable, selfish and demanding, may place high value on themselves and no value on others. Ex: Antisocial personality disorder- May commit violents acts without any sense of guilt. Group C: Cannot make decisions, have a strong need for approval of others, may avoid others for fear of rejection. Ex: Dependent personality disorder- need help from others to properly care for themselves