Intro to Plants How are plants broadly classified? Vascular and nonvascular What is the difference between vascular and nonvascular plants? Nonvascular plants do not have vascular tissue – what is tissue? A group of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism – what is the function of vascular tissue? Transports water and nutrients throughout the plant What are the two parts of a plants life cycle? Gametophyte – what happens here? Egg and sperm cells are created, unite and form a zygote What is the next part of a plant’s life cycle? Sporophyte

Intro to Plants What are the types of nonvascular plants? Mosses, liverworts and hornworts – how do they transport material throughout the plant? Cell to cell – what kind of environment do they need? Moist – how does peat form? Sphagnum moss that does not decay after dying What are the types of seedless vascular plants? Ferns, club mosses and horsetails – the differ from nonvascular plants how? They have vascular tissue – how does this help them? They are able to transport materials throughout plant They have true leaves, stems and roots – where do the stems grow on a fern? Underground with the roots

Intro to Plants What is unique about plant cells? They have rigid cell walls made of cellulose – how does this help plants? Provides support for nonvascular plants In combination with vascular tissue, it allows vascular plants to grow taller What are the structures in plant cells that make the food for the plant? Chloroplasts – what is necessary for the process of photosynthesis to produce food? CO 2 and H 2 O – with the energy of the sun What are the products of photosynthesis? Sugar and O 2

Intro to Plants What color of light is necessary for photosynthesis to occur? Red and Blue – why do leaves look green? Most of the leaves pigments reflect green light – what is the color we see when most light is absorbed? Dark colors like black What do modern plants likely share with their ancient ancestors? The same type of chlorophyll What do we call the root like structures of a nonvascular plant? Rhizoids How do ferns reproduce? spores

Intro to Plants What are the structures labeled in this diagram, and explain their function? A = chloroplasts – contain chlorophyll, make plants food B = vacuole – holds water, nutrients and wastes C = cell wall – made of cellulose, give plant structure and support

Intro to Plants What are the structures labeled in this diagram, and what are their functions? A = spore capsule, holds spores B = sporophyte cycle of plant C = gametophyte cycle of plant, leaf like structures support photosynthesis D = rhizoids, help secure moss to surface/soil