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Constitutional Convention

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Warm-Up (12/4) Write question and answer

 8yBM&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_m ode=1&safe=active 8yBM&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_m ode=1&safe=active

 Could you pass the citizenship test?  s/study-test/study-materials-civics- test/naturalization-self-test-1 s/study-test/study-materials-civics- test/naturalization-self-test-1

USConstitutionUSConstitutionUSConstitutionUSConstitution

Limiting the U.S. Government – Constitutional Convention meets to create the government we have today. limited government Constitution In the United States our government is considered a limited government. It is limited by the restrictions placed on it by our United States Constitution. Authored by James Madison

Important Ideas the founding fathers wanted to include: (seven principals of government) majority rule 1) Popular Sovereignty (majority rule) representatives 2) Republicanism (elect representatives) STATE FEDERAL 3) Federalism (share of powers between STATE and FEDERAL government) no one part too strong 4) Separation of Powers (no one part too strong) overrule 5) Checks and balances (each branch can overrule another) 6) Limited Government people 7) Individual Rights (of the people)

Article I Establishes Bi-Cameral (2 houses) Legislature lawmaking branch (lawmaking branch) and Powers Power to tax Power to tax Power to make laws Power to make laws Power to wage war Power to wage war

Virginia Plan – proposal by James Madison, pushed for a proportional legislature where representatives were determined by population Virginia Plan – proposal by James Madison, pushed for a proportional legislature where representatives were determined by population New Jersey Plan – proposed a one house legislature where every state received one vote. New Jersey Plan – proposed a one house legislature where every state received one vote. Plans for Representatives:

Great Compromise  The Great Compromise – proposal by Roger Sherman for a two house legislature. The lower house, House of Representatives, the number of seats for each state would vary based on population. The upper house, the Senate, each state would have two representatives.

The Three-Fifths Compromise - The issue of how the slaves would count towards representation in this new constitution. Southerners wanted slaves to count towards the population in order to gain delegates in the house of Representatives. Northerners argued that enslaved persons should be counted for taxation but not representation, since they were usually thought of as property. A compromise will be made to count the slaves as 3/5 of a person for both taxation and representation purposes.

Article II Establishes President and powers Veto power Veto power Commander in chief Commander in chief *Determined by Electoral College

Article III Establishes Judiciary (court system) and powers Supreme Court (highest court) Hear cases when laws broken Decides if law is “Constitutional”

Article IV Assurance of Rights Rules for statehood Guarantee states get rights

Article V How to make changes Requirements for amendments 2/3 of House and Senate + ¾ of the States

Article VI Constitution is Supreme Law No other laws made are higher than Constitution Laws must be “Constitutional”

Article VII put in place What’s needed to put in place implementation Requirements for implementation