5.01C Nutrients11 chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body Over 50 nutrients, can be divided into six groups Carbohydrates (Fats) Lipids Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water

5.01C Nutrients22 Carbohydrates Fats Protein Vitamins Minerals Water Sugars Starches Cellulose Six Classifications of Nutrients fiber simple complex complete incomplete

5.01C Nutrients33 Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Nutrients With Calories

5.01C Nutrients44 Calorie: Unit used to measure energy value of food.

5.01C Nutrients55 Calories per gram: Carbohydrates 1 Gram = 4 calories Protein 1 Gram = 4 calories Fat 1 Gram = 9 calories

5.01C Nutrients66 Variables which affect nutrient needs: 1. Age 2. Gender 3. Activity Level 4. Climate 5. Health 6. State of nutrition

5.01C Nutrients7 Key Nutrient: Carbohydrates 7 PPB5.01c_Nutrients

5.01C Nutrients88 Function Supplies energy Provides fiber Helps body digest fats

5.01C Nutrients99 Sources Sugars: honey, jam, molasses, candy, table sugar Fiber: fruits, vegetables, whole grains Starch: breads, cereals, pasta

5.01C Nutrients10 Key Nutrient: Fats 10

5.01C Nutrients11 Function Supply energy Carry fat-soluble vitamins Insulate body Protect organs Provide essential fatty acids

5.01C Nutrients12 Types of Fats Saturated: dairy products, meats, lard, coconut and palm oils Unsaturated: fish, nuts, vegetable oils Sources

5.01C Nutrients13 Fat-like substance found in body cells LDL clogs arteries Cholesterol

5.01C Nutrients14 Key Nutrient: Proteins 14

5.01C Nutrients15 Builds/Repairs muscles cell tissues Helps body make important substances Regulates body processes Supplies energy Functions

5.01C Nutrients16 Sources Complete proteins: dairy products eggs Fish Meat poultry Incomplete proteins: Beans Grains nuts

5.01C Nutrients17 Key Nutrient: Vitamins 17

5.01C Nutrients18 Fat-soluble vitamins dissolves in fats stored in fatty tissues of body Water-soluble vitamins dissolves in water not stored in body Function Two main groups:

5.01C Nutrients19 NutrientFunctionsSources Vitamin AKeeps skin and mucus membranes healthy Prevents night blindness Promotes growth Butter, dark green and yellow fruits and vegetables, egg yolk, liver, whole and fortified milk Vitamin DBuilds strong bones and teethEgg yolk; fortified butter, margarine, and milk; the sun Vitamin EActs as an antioxidant to protect cell membranes Eggs, liver, salad oils, whole grain cereals Vitamin KHelps blood clotCauliflower, egg yolk, organ meats Fat-Soluble Vitamins

5.01C Nutrients20 Water-Soluble Vitamins NutrientFunctionsSources Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Helps wounds heal Helps fight infection Helps nervous tissue function healthy Plays important role in breakdown of proteins fats and carbohydrates Oranges, grapefruits, tangerines, cantaloupe, broccoli, citrus fruits, tomatoes and raw cabbage B-Complex Keeps nervous system healthy Releases energy from food Helps promote healthy gums and tissues Pork, whole grain breads and cereals

5.01C Nutrients21 Key Nutrient: Minerals 21

5.01C Nutrients22 Minerals NutrientFunctionsSources CalciumBuilds bones and teeth Helps muscles and nerves work Milk, yogurt, cheese, salmon, dark veggies IronCombines with protein to make hemoglobin. Helps cells use oxygen Liver, spinach, raisins and molasses PotassiumHelps nerves and muscles Balances body water Potatoes, bananas, prune juice and tomato products SodiumHelps nerves and muscle functionSalt, soy sauce, processed foods and country ham IodinePromotes normal functioning of the thyroid gland Iodized salt and salt water fish

5.01C Nutrients23 Key Nutrient: Water 23

5.01C Nutrients24 Aids digestion, cell growth and maintenance Facilitates chemical reactions Lubricates joints and cells Regulates body temperature Function PPB5.01c_Nutrients

5.01C Nutrients25 Sources Liquids Food Breakdown of energy nutrients PPB5.01c_Nutrients

5.01C Nutrients26 Food For Thought Avoid excesses of some vitamins and minerals. To promote good nutrition and maintain good health: Eat a variety of foods from the food guide pyramid. Drink plenty of water Daily exercise Seek the advice of a physician or dietician before taking supplements