Sustainability & Building Services Construction Industry Federation Seminar 2 nd March 2007 Direction, Innovation, Opportunities

Energy Crisis in TCD Award winning Energy Audit Data collected at that time formed basis of continuous 30 year programme of data collection and Research, Development and Demonstration projects in the areas of; Energy use in buildings Energy conservation in buildings Use of renewable energy in buildings (Sun, wind, waste heat, ground water, CHP, heat pumps, form & function of building, weather forecasts, climate change) External funding in excess of €12m raised for this programme Background

Museum Building Completed in 1857, 150 years ago, 3 years before climate change first predicted Tiny boiler, no pumps, no fans, no heat exchangers, no electric/electronic controls, no emergncy signs, no card access, no comms equipment, no electromagnetic locks, no alarm systems, no control panels, no stand-by power, low window to wall ratio, high floor to ceiling height, stone/bare timber floors, no false ceilings, high window heights, wonderful natural ventilation Coolest Building in College – Also one of the most energy efficient

Remarkable energy efficiency is the result of maximum possible use of natural systems carefully incorporated into original design Stack effect ventilation Wind assisted ventilation Tempered incoming air Heat recovery from exhaust air Very high efficiency central heating High ceilings, high windows, high thermal inertia, high thermal contact

The Green Building, Temple Bar Solar Thermal Solar PV Wind Turbines Heat Pump All operating since 1994 Over twelve years monitoring outputs and consumption rates. Data continuously logged at 15 minute intervals. Intimate understanding of domestic electricity consumption. Unique data set for heat pump, solar thermal and solar PV systems in Ireland. PV systems grid connected since June After 18 years of related R&D A “Museum building” with State of art RE M&E services

Heat exchanger Refrigerant – underfloor heating water Regulating valve Heat exchanger well water - refrigerant Well pump Compressor

Embedded pipes Huge radiant surface area = extremely low circulating temperatures Heating System

Heat pump stops running when set-point reached Heat pump starts running at 11.00pm Runtime = c.135 minutes Runtime = c.45 minutes Heat pump running time mid-February 2007 Average c.2 h/day = c.14 kWh/day

Temperature lift c.27.5°C Temperature lift c.26.5°C Temperature lift c.26°C Co-efficient of performance = c.4.5

Does it work??

Room temperatures mid-February th winter Outside air temperature Bedroom Set point = 18°C Sitting room Set point = 21°C

Original off-grid PV system

Grid-connected PV system – June 2006 First in Ireland

Do they work??

ESBN approved grid- connection Measured output from 12 year old completely neglected 1.7kWp array Old PV arrays (half-life) Actual output from 12 year old 3.4kWp grid- connected array located in the centre of Dublin Formed Cool Power Ltd., to serve as vehicle for financing and marketing PV installations in Ireland 2006 – Joined forces with Carey Glass of Nenagh – c.€6m’s worth of projects under way Specially developed additional control Standard units

Actual output from 12 year old 3.4kWp grid-connected array located in the centre of Dublin

Output from “renewable” micro- generators on Green Building 1,895 kWh/yr (11.4 year average; wind turbines plus PV) 3,300 kWh/yr (1 st year; grid-connected PV only)

Summary figures from Green Building Project Thermal EUI 4.8kWh(e)/m 2 /yr Percentage renewable energy 94% Annual heating bill! - €306 (note the minus) Annual cost will fall by a further c.€165 with all-Ireland grid Annual cost will continue to fall at a rate inversely linked to inflation We look forward to ever decreasing heating costs!!!!

Cool Power owns PV arrays on Green Building Joined forces with Fronius and Carey Glass in 2006 Sourced modules Developed output optimiser Planning to manufacture modules in Ireland Out there offering expertise and materials to everyone and anyone interested in GCPV Look us up on the Web – Contact us if you are interested.

Prototype tracking array