C ELLS I NTRODUCTION. I DENTIFY THE CLASS OF LIPIDS THAT FORM BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES ( CELL MEMBRANE )?

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Presentation transcript:

C ELLS I NTRODUCTION

I DENTIFY THE CLASS OF LIPIDS THAT FORM BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES ( CELL MEMBRANE )?

E XPLAIN WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A POLAR MOLECULE

D ISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE TERMS HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC

D O YOU REMEMBER ANY OF THE EIGHT CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS ? 1. Living things are based on a universal genetic code ( DNA ) 2. Living things grow and develop 3. Living things respond to their environment ( stimulus ) 4. Living things reproduce 5. Living things maintain a stable internal environment ( homeostasis ) 6. Living things obtain and use material and energy ( metabolism ) 7. Living things are made up of CELLS 8. Taken as a group, living things evolve over time

S OME SHORT VIDEOS / SONGS FOR C ELL T HEORY History and Scientists of Cell Theory Cell Theory Science Investigation Cell Theory Rap :) Bill Nye CellsBill Nye Cells (organelles)

A NTON VAN L EEUWENHOEK Developed the first microscope

R OBERT H OOKE Looked at plant stems, wood, and cork Discovered cells

R OBERT B ROWN Discovered the nucleus

M ATHIAS S CHLEIDEN Stated that all plants are made of cells

T HEODOR S CHWANN Stated that all animals are made of cells

R UDOLF V IRCHOW Stated that all cells arise from the division of preexisting cells

T HE C ELL T HEORY : All living things are composed of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in living things All cells come from preexisting cells

T YPES OF C ELLS : Prokaryote – unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus (bacteria) Eukaryote – organism whose cells contain a nucleus ( plant and animal)

T WO CATEGORIES OF CELLS 1. Prokaryotic Cells pro = before; karyon = nucleus or kernel contain cell membranes and cytoplasm but no nucleus DNA is scattered through cytoplasm examples: bacteria

2. Eukaryotic Cells eu = true; karyon = nucleus or kernel contain a nucleus that holds DNA and membrane bound organelles that have specific functions examples: all plants, animals, some fungi, some microorganisms Two categories of cells

D IFFERENCES BETWEEN PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS : No Nucleus (Nucleoid) No membrane-bound organelles “O” shaped chromosome (plasmid) Have a Nucleus Membrane-bound organelles “X” shaped chromosomes Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes:

Two categories of cells ProkaryoticEukaryotic -No Nucleus-Nucleus -Smaller Ribosomes less complex -Less complex -DNA is linear - Ribosomes larger and complex -Membrane bound organelles -Complex -Cell wall (plants and bacteria) -DNA is circular -Cell membrane -DNA -Cytoplasm -Ribosomes

A NIMAL C ELL - E UKARYOTIC Prokaryotic Plant Cell - Eukaryotic

P ROKARYOTES AND E UKARYOTES :