NERVOUS SYSTEM II PP 1016-1024. NEURONS 1. Axons: extension of cell body 2. Axon terminal: end of the axon 3. Dendrites: receive action potentials (electrical.

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NERVOUS SYSTEM II PP

NEURONS

1. Axons: extension of cell body 2. Axon terminal: end of the axon 3. Dendrites: receive action potentials (electrical impulse/message) from other neurons 4. Synapse: gap between neurons 5. Myelin sheath: lipid layer around axon (insulator) 6. Schwann cells: produce myelin sheath

SENSORY NEURONS

Taste and Smell Chemoreceptors Scent and taste are just chemicals

Vision Photoreceptors 2 types: cones (bright light) and rods (dim light)

Hearing and balance Mechanoreceptors the neurons look like hair and move to the vibration of air (hearing) or movement of fluid (balance)

Pressure and Temperature Mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors Tissue damage Pain receptors

NERVE IMPULSES

Think of the impulse as electrical and negative Resting potential: inactive due to “negatively” charged inside as compared to impulse Action potential: helps the transmission of an electrical impulse by making inside more “positive”

When the impulse reaches the end (axon terminal) neurotransmitters are released from the neuron, into the synapse, to receptors in the next cell (dendrite)