 President Backs Bill for the Disabled  Establish Justice  Court Upholds Free Speech  Secure…posterity  Governors to Discuss Mutual Problems  Form a more perfect Union  Arms Pact Progress Reported  Provide for common defense  Government Jobs Program Starts  Promote the general welfare  State Sends in National Guard to stop looting  Insure domestic tranquility

Checks and Balances

Meeting the Goals of Preamble  Divided National Gov’t into 3 Branches  Legislative – makes laws  Congress – House of Representatives and Senate  Executive – Enforces laws  President, Vice President, Cabinet  Judicial Branch – Interprets the law (how it is applied)  Supreme Court – court system

Checks and Balances  Keeps any one branch from becoming too powerful  Each branch of gov’t is able to limit the power of others  Maintains balance

Examples  President can veto (reject) a bill from Congress  Congress can override a veto from President  Judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional

Constitution Organization  Powers and Responsibilities of each Branch  Article I – Legislative  Article II – Executive  Article III – Judicial

Constitution Organization Cont.  Article IV  Explains relationship between states and role of national gov’t  Article V  Amending (changing) of the Constitution  Article VI  National Supremacy – Supremacy clause  “Supreme Law of the Land”  Article VII  Ratification of Constitution

Four Principles

Objectives  Define popular sovereignty and explain how it is reflected in the Constitution  Discuss the idea of limited government  Explain how federalism is related to popular sovereignty  Explain why and how the Framers of the Constitution provided for the separation of powers

Foundation of Constitution  Popular Sovereignty  Limited Gov’t  Federalism  Separation of Powers

Popular Sovereignty  People have the right to rule themselves  England created Parliament  “We the People”  Elections gives people the power to find a representatives with a similar voice as their own  Representatives, Senators, President  Can be removed

Limited Gov’t  Powers denied to gov’t  Bill of Rights  No laws can take away basic freedoms  Writ of Habeas Corpus  Show cause for arresting individuals  Punish without trial

Federalism  Federalism - National and state governments share power  Enumerated Powers  Powers given to national government – stated in Constitution  Reserved Powers  Powers given to states  Concurrent Powers  Powers shared by National and state governments  Implied Powers  Necessary and Proper Clause

Separation of Powers  History is full of instances where one person or group of people try to consolidate power  Framers of Constitution  Divided gov’t into 3 branches  Checks and balances, so no one branch could grab all the power  Baron de Montesquieu  Bk. 11, chap. 4 “If in the interior of a state you do not hear the noise of any conflict, you can be sure that freedom is not there”

Exit  Explain the difference between federalism and separation of powers.  Write this on your Federalism Worksheet