Neutrons and Isotopes. NEUTRONS AND ISOTOPES Unlike the number of protons, the neutrons in the nucleus of atoms of the same element can vary. Atoms of.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

4.3: HOW ATOMS DIFFER ATOMIC NUMBER

Advertisements

LecturePLUS Timberlake1 The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes.

Chapter 3 Atoms and Elements

Atomic Number and Mass Number

The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes. Three fundamental parts of an atom are: protons electrons neutrons Structure of the atom is: protons.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE.

Atoms, Ions and Isotopes. 2 Subatomic Particles ParticleSymbol Charge Relative Mass Electron e Proton p Neutron n0 1.

Atomic Number and Mass Number

Chapter 4 Lecture Basic Chemistry Fourth Edition Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements 4.5 Isotopes and Atomic Mass Learning Goal Give the number of protons, electrons,

Average Atomic Mass. Masses of Atoms A scale designed for atoms gives their small atomic masses in atomic mass units (amu) An atom of 12 C was assigned.

Summary of the Atom atoms are the smallest particles that can be uniquely associated with an element each element has unique atoms atoms are composed of.

Calculating Atomic Mass

Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements

Atoms, Ions and Isotopes. 2 Subatomic Particles ParticleSymbol Charge Relative Mass (amu) Electron e Proton p Neutron n0 1.

Section 2: The Structure of Atoms

Masses of atoms Warm up Label the different parts of an atom. Complete the table with the appropriate term or number. ParticleProtonNeutronElectron.

1 The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes.

Atomos: Not to Be Cut Chapter 5 Lesson 1. 2 Atomic Theory Atoms are building blocks of elements Atoms are building blocks of elements Similar atoms in.

LecturePLUS Timberlake1 The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes (Take out your Periodic Tables)

Chapter 3 Atoms and Elements 3.5 Isotopes and Atomic Mass 1 Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition.

1 The Atom Atomic Number Mass Number Isotopes Adapted from Timberlake’s CheModules (www. Karentimberlake.com/chemodule.htm)

LecturePLUS Timberlake1 Atoms and Elements The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes.

Atomic Structure Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons Section 4.3.

The Atomic Number. Reminder: Elements are different types of atoms (like different LEGO blocks) Elements are defined by the number of protons in the nucleus.

Atomic Structure Distinguishing Among Atoms Prentice-Hall Chapter 4.3 Dr. Yager.

Isotopic Abundance Reminder: bring a calculator to class.

Masses of Atoms Chapter 19-2 Pages

Isotopes Average Atomic Mass. Isotopes  Atoms of the same element (same atomic number) with different mass numbers  Atoms with the same number of protons,

Chapter 3 Atomic Structure. The Structure Of the Atom Particle masschargelocation Proton1 AMU +1in nucleus Neutron 1 AMU 0in nucleus Electron 0 AMU -1.

Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements

& Average Atomic Mass  Atoms with the same number of protons (they are the same element) but different number of neutrons.

 Atomic Number- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element  Ex: Hydrogen atoms have only one proton in the nucleus, so the atomic.

1 Atomic Mass The atomic mass of an element is listed below the symbol of each element on the periodic table. gives the mass of an “average” atom of each.

4.7 Atomic Mass Even the largest atoms have very small masses (Fluorine – x ) Even the largest atoms have very small masses (Fluorine –

Section 4.3 How Atoms Differ. Objectives Explain the role of atomic number in determining the identity of an atom Define an isotope and explain why atomic.

DO NOW How many electrons, protons, and neutrons does Uranium have? LecturePLUS Timberlake.

Chapter 4.3 Distinguishing Among Atoms

Chapter 5 Notes.  The atomic mass of an element is a weighted average mass of the atoms found in nature.  If you were to mass an oxygen atom, would.

Do Now: If a student’s grade is weighted per the table below, what would their grade be? WeightAverage Tests50%80 Classwork30%95 Homework20%85.

Isotopic Abundance SCH 3U. Atomic Mass The mass of an atom (protons, neutrons, electrons) Relative Atomic Mass: An element’s atomic mass relative to the.

The Atom Lesson 2 - Isotopes. Different Forms of the Same Element In any specific element, the # of protons is always constant. Unlike the number of protons,

Masses of atoms Warm up Label the different parts of an atom. Complete the table with the appropriate term or number. ParticleProtonNeutronElectron.

Isotopes. The Nucleus  The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is unique to each type of element  BUT, the nuclei of the same type of element.

How Atoms Differ. a. Properties of Subatomic Particles ParticleSymbolLocationRelative Charge Relative mass Actual mass (g) Electron Proton Neutron.

Notes on Isotopes Remember Protons are (+) and Electrons are (-). Neutrons were the last subatomic particles to be discovered because they have no electrical.

The Nuclear Atom Atoms differ from one another by their number of: 1.Protons 2.Neutrons 3.Electrons Electrons have a NEGATIVE charge. The MASS of an electron.

Notes on Isotopes Remember Protons are (+) and Electrons are (-). Neutrons were the last subatomic particles to be discovered because they have no electrical.

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

Isotopes & Ions 4.7; Subatomic Particles Remember Dalton?  Remember Dalton’s atomic theory?  “All atoms of a given element are identical”. 

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Connecting to Your World Slide 1 of 52 Distinguishing Among Atoms Just as apples come in different varieties, a chemical.

1 The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes.

1 The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes.

Same Element Different Atom- Isotopes All atoms of a particular element are not exactly alike. Some elements have atoms with different masses (isotopes)

HOMEWORK # 5 Isotopes WS. Aim # 5: What are isotopes?

Atoms, Ions and Isotopes

4.5 Isotopes and Atomic Mass

Isotopes and Atomic Mass

SNC1D Isotopes.

Atoms, Ions and Isotopes

Atoms, Ions and Isotopes

Calculating Atomic Mass

Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements

Unit 4: The Atom, And Isotopes

Learning Check Naturally occurring carbon consists of three isotopes: Carbon-13, Carbon-14, and Carbon-15. State the number of protons, neutrons, and.

A B 21085At Fe Mo 5827Co 3216S Pb4+ Symbol

ISOTOPES AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS

Section 2.4 Atomic Weights.

Structure of the Nucleus

Presentation transcript:

Neutrons and Isotopes

NEUTRONS AND ISOTOPES Unlike the number of protons, the neutrons in the nucleus of atoms of the same element can vary. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. 2

ISOTOPIC NOTATION Using isotopic notation we can distinguish between isotopes of the same element and calculate the number of neutrons within each atom. 3

ISOTOPE STABILITY There are over 400 stable isotopes. Elements of increasing atomic number generally have increasing numbers of isotopes. A stable isotope has balanced the attraction between protons and neutrons with the repulsion of protons to other protons. 4

RADIOISOTOPES Radioisotopes are unstable isotopes in which the protons and neutrons are not balanced. Radioisotopes undergo decay when a neutron splits into a proton and an electron which is ejected from the nucleus as a beta particle. 5

ISOTOPIC ABUNDANCE Almost every element has naturally occurring isotopes. The percentage of each isotope that occurs in nature is a constant value known as the isotopic abundance. 6

MASS SPECTROMETER Scientists distinguish between isotopes using a mass spectrometer. 7

PROPERTIES Isotopes of the same element have identical chemical properties but different physical properties. H 2 O b.p. is 100°C 2 H 2 O b.p. is 104°C 8

ATOMIC MASS A scale designed for atoms gives their small atomic masses in atomic mass units (amu) An atom of 12 C was assigned an exact mass of amu Relative masses of all other atoms was determined by comparing each to the mass of 12 C An atom twice as heavy has a mass of amu. An atom half as heavy is 6.00 amu. 9

AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS Listed on the periodic table Gives the mass of “average” atom of each element compared to 12 C Average atom based on all the isotopes and their abundance % Calculated as a weighted average Atomic mass is not a whole number 10

Isotopes Mass of Isotope Abundance 24 Mg =24.0 amu 78.70% 25 Mg = 25.0 amu 10.13% 26 Mg = 26.0 amu 11.17% Atomic mass (average mass) Mg = 24.3 amu 11 Mg 24.3

CALCULATING AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS To calculate average atomic mass of an element… 12

Gallium is a metallic element found in small lasers used in compact disc players. In a sample of gallium, there is 60.2% of gallium-69 (68.9 amu) atoms and 39.8% of gallium-71 (70.9 amu) atoms. What is the average atomic mass of gallium ? 13 EXAMPLE

14 SOLUTION

USES OF RADIOISOTOPES 15