Do Now: (3 min) How many significant figures are in the following numbers: FOUR TWO THREE FOUR

TEST ON FRIDAY! Bring a Calculator Chapter 1: ◦ Atmosphere and the ozone layer ◦ Qualitative vs. quantitative observations ◦ variables Chapter 2: ◦ Metric system ◦ Accuracy, precision, error analysis ◦ Significant figures ◦ Density and volume by displacement ◦ Dimensional analysis

States of Matter and Properties Cornell Notes 10/5/09

Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space Almost EVERYTHING around us!

Solid Holds its own shape Definite volume Tightly packed matter Slight expansion when heated

Liquid Takes shape of container Definite volume Matter less closely packed than solid Slight expansion upon heating Flows, particles slide

Gas takes shape of container Fills volume of container Matter is spaced out and moves quickly Easily compressible

Examples: For the following examples: ◦ Hold up 1 finger for a SOLID ◦ Hold up 2 fingers for a LIQUID ◦ Hold up 3 fingers for a GAS 1. Helium in a balloon 2. Gatorade 3. Motor Oil 4. Cupcake GAS! LIQUID! SOLID!

Properties Definition: characteristics or behaviors of substances Purpose: So we can describe and identify our surroundings

Physical Property Definition: characteristic that can be observed without changing the sample’s composition Examples: ◦ Density ◦ Color ◦ Odor ◦ Hardness ◦ Melting point

Chemical Property Definition: the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances Examples: Baking soda reacts with vinegar to create carbon dioxide gas and water sodium metal reacts with water to form hydrogen gas and a salt

Example Look at the following picture: ◦ What are some physical properties? ◦ What are some chemical properties? Before exposure to water After exposure to water

Independent Work Options: Create a poster (decorate the room!) ◦ Pick a state of matter (liquid, gas, solid) ◦ List its properties (definite volume, particles, etc.) ◦ Give an example and describe at least 3 physical and 1 chemical property. Write a poem or song describing the differences between the states of matter Create a foldable study guide on the properties of the 3 states of matter and examples of physical and chemical properties