Chapter 7 & 8 Kirsten Erichsen Journal Geometry. RATIOS AND PROPORTIONS.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
5/5/ : Sine and Cosine Ratios 10.2: Sine and Cosine Expectation: G1.3.1: Define the sine, cosine, and tangent of acute angles in a right triangle.
Advertisements

Proportions This PowerPoint was made to teach primarily 8th grade students proportions. This was in response to a DLC request (No. 228).
Cristian Brenner.  A ratio is when you compare two numbers by division. A ratio may contain more then two number that may compare the sides of a triangle.
Trigonometry Chapters Theorem.
Right Triangle Trigonometry:. Word Splash Use your prior knowledge or make up a meaning for the following words to create a story. Use your imagination!
Chapter 9 Summary. Similar Right Triangles If the altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then the 3 triangles are all similar.
Chapter 7 and 8 By: Ou Suk Kwon. Comparing 2 numbers that are written: A to B A / B A:B.
Warm Up for Section 1.2 Simplify: (1). (2). (3). There are 10 boys and 12 girls in a Math 2 class. Write the ratio of the number of girls to the number.
Trigonometry. Logarithm vs Natural Logarithm Logarithm is an inverse to an exponent log 3 9 = 2 Natural logarithm has a special base or e which equals.
Geometry One is always a long way from solving a problem until one actually has the answer. Stephen Hawking Today: 9.5 Instruction Practice.
Geometry Notes Lesson 5.3B Trigonometry
Right Triangle Trigonometry
Topic 1 Pythagorean Theorem and SOH CAH TOA Unit 3 Topic 1.
5-Minute Check on Chapter 2 Transparency 3-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. 1.Evaluate 42 - |x - 7| if x = -3 2.Find.
Christa Walters 9-5 May When using a ratio you express two numbers that are compared by division. Can be written as: a to b a:b a b.
Similar Triangles.  To solve a proportions  Cross multiply  Solve.
abababb RATIO – a ratio compares two numbers by dividing. The ratio of two numbers can be written in various ways such as a to b, a:b, or a/b, where b.
Unit J.1-J.2 Trigonometric Ratios
Geometry Journal Chapter 7 & 8 By: Jaime Rich. A comparison of two numbers by division. An equation stating that two ratios are equal. You solve proportions.
Section 11 – 1 Simplifying Radicals Multiplication Property of Square Roots: For every number a > 0 and b > 0, You can multiply numbers that are both under.
Solving Right Triangles
All these rectangles are not similar to one another since
Chapter 8 By Jonathan Huddleston. 8-1 Vocab.  Geometric Mean- The positive square root of the product of two positive numbers.
Journal Chapters 7 & 8 Salvador Amaya 9-5. Ratio Comparison of 2 numbers written a:b, a/b, or a to b.
Visual Glossary By: Anya Khosla Unit 6. Introduction Most people in this world know how to read. Everywhere you go, people are always reading. From s.
By Mr.Bullie. Trigonometry Trigonometry describes the relationship between the side lengths and the angle measures of a right triangle. Right triangles.
Unit 7 Similarity. Part 1 Ratio / Proportion A ratio is a comparison of two quantities by division. – You can write a ratio of two numbers a and b, where.
BY: ANA JULIA ROGOZINSKI (YOLO). -A ratio is a comparison between one number to another number. In ratios you generally separate the numbers using a colon.
 Ratio: is the comparison of two numbers by division  Ratio of two numbers can be shown like this; a to b, a:b, or a/b  Proportion: equation that says.
 Ratio: Is a comparison of two numbers by division.  EXAMPLES 1. The ratios 1 to 2 can be represented as 1:2 and ½ 2. Ratio of the rectangle may be.
Proportions. State of the Classes Chapter 4 Test2 nd 9 week average
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures Ratios, proportions and scale drawings.
J OURNAL C HAPTER 7- 8 Marcela Janssen. C HAPTER 7: S IMILARITY.
2.8 – Proportions & Similar Figures “I can solve proportions using scale factors.” “I can find missing side lengths of similar figures.”
© 2010 Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 10 Geometry.
Warm Up Monday March What is the definition of a parallelogram? 2. What do we need to prove if we are trying to prove a parallelogram?
7-1 Ratios and Proportions I CAN Write a ratio Write a ratio expressing the slope of a line. Solve a linear proportion Solve a quadratic proportion Use.
8.3 Trigonometry. Similar right triangles have equivalent ratios for their corresponding sides. These equivalent ratios are called Trigonometric Ratios.
Daniela Morales Leonhardt 9-5. _____(0-10 pts) Describe a ratio. Describe a proportion. How are they related? Describe how to solve a proportion. Describe.
____(0-10 pts) Describe a ratio. Describe a proportion. How are they related? Describe how to solve a proportion. Describe how to check if a proportion.
Trigonometry Chapters Theorem.
A ratio is a quotient of two numbers. The ratio of two numbers, a & b can be written as a to b, a:b, or a/b, (where b = 0). Examples: to 21:21/2.
By: Katerina Palacios similar polygons: When 2 polygons are similar that means that they have the same looking shape but they do not have the.
9.5: Trigonometric Ratios. Vocabulary Trigonometric Ratio: the ratio of the lengths of two sides of a right triangle Angle of elevation: the angle that.
The relation between a ratio and a proportion is: the proportion shows that two ratios are equal. If 84 is divided into three parts in the ratio 3:5:6,
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS The Trigonometric Functions we will be looking at SINE COSINE TANGENT.
What is a Ratio? A Ration is a comparison of two numbers. Usually it separates the two numbers is colon (:). It can be writen as a to b, A:B, A/B There.
Chapter 5 Lesson 1 Trigonometric Ratios in Right Triangles.
Describe a ratio. Describe a proportion. How are they related? Describe how to solve a proportion. Describe how to check if a proportion is equal. Give.
Marcos Vielman 9-5.  A ratio compares two numbers by division.  A proportion is an equation starting that two ratios are equal.  They are related because.
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures
April 21, 2017 The Law of Sines Topic List for Test
5-6 to 5-7 Using Similar Figures
Trigonometric Functions
Angles of Elevation and Depression
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
CHAPTER 10 Geometry.
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
Angles of Elevation and Depression
Y. Davis Geometry Notes Chapter 8.
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
Similar Polygons & Scale Factor
Ratios, Proportions and Similar Figures
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 7 & 8 Kirsten Erichsen Journal Geometry

RATIOS AND PROPORTIONS

What is a ratio?  A ratio is used to compare 2 numbers by a division.  Each ratio can involve more than two numbers.  It can be written using a and b as the following:  a to b  a:b  a/b

Examples of a Ratio.  Find the ratio for the following shapes Ratio = 4:8:4: Ratio = 5 :3: Ratio = 2 :2:2:2

What is a Proportion?  A proportion is an equation that states that 2 ratios are equal.  Extremes:  A/B = C/D (A and D are the extremes of the proportion)  Means:  A/B = C/D (B and C are the means of the proportion)

How to solve a Proportion.  First you have to cross multiply the numbers and the variable. After you are done multiplying, you have to leave the variable alone to find its value that’s why you have to divide.  If you have 2 variables in a proportion, you have to square root both sides.  To check your proportions, you multiply the extremes together and the means together (opposite sides) and see if they are the same. If you have it different you might have done something wrong, or it is not a proportion.

Examples of a Proportion. Example 1: 3 = X 6 = 8 3 × 8 = 24 6X = 24 Example 2: 7 = 4 + Y 10 – Y = 7 7 × 7 = – 3 = = 7 Example 3: 8 = X X = 8 8 × 8 = 64 √X 2 = √64 X = 4Y = 3X = 8

Proportions and Ratios.  A proportion is related to a ratio because a proportion is an equation where 2 ratios are equal  EXAMPLES:  A teacher counted boys to girls and ended with a ratio of 5:4. There were fifteen boys, but how many girls where there?  A Vet has patients, he has a ratio of dogs to cats per day, 6:4. His assistant counted 24 dogs, how many cats where there?  An Architect has a ratio of blocks to plastic tubes, 15:4. He counted 60 blocks, how many plastic tubes where there? Answers: 1.) 12 girls; 2.) 16 cats; 3.) 16 plastic tubes

RATIOS IN SIMILAR POLYGONS

Similarity in Polygons.  This is when polygons have the same shape, but not necessarily the same size.  Two polygons are similar if and only if, their corresponding angles are congruent and their corresponding side lengths are proportional.

Example 1.  Find the missing side length Since both sides in the smaller triangle have half of the measurements of the bigger triangle, we just multiply 8 times 2, so x will equal x

Example 2.  Find the missing side length. 10 Since both sides in the smaller rectangle have half of the measurements of the bigger rectangle, we just multiply 20 times 2, so x will equal X 20

Example 3.  Find the missing side length x 6 8 Since both sides in the smaller trapezoid have half of the measurements of the bigger trapezoid, we just multiply 3 times 2, so x will equal 6.

What is a Scale Factor?  A scale factor describes how much a figure has been enlarged or reduced.  Dilation: transformation that changes the size of the figure but not its shape.  If the scale factor of a dilation is greater than 1 it is an enlargement.  If the the scale factor is less than one, it is a reduction.

Example 1.  Find the ratio of AB to KL. A 5 C 5 AB to KL = 5 to B K L M

Example 2.  Find the ratio of NP to QS. N 6 P 6 NP to QS= 1 0 to 5 10 O Q R S

Example 3.  Find the ratio of WY to TV. T 8 V 8 WY to TV= 9 to U W X Y

INDIRECT MEASUREMENTS

How to use similar triangles to perform indirect measurements.  Indirect Measurement: it is any method that uses formulas, similar figures, or proportions to measure an object.  When using similar triangles to perform indirect measures you have to use proportions to find your answer. Use the actual height and the measure of shadows.  This is an important skill because that way in real life you can find the exact measurement of something very tall, like a building.

Example 1.  A tourist travels to the Egyptian pyramids, he finds out that their height is unknown. He measures 1.80 meters. The shadow of the pyramid is 20 meters, and his shadow measures 1.75 meters. What is the height of the pyramid? 20 meters 1.75 meters 1.80 meters 20 = 1.80 X = X = 35 X = meters X

Example 2.  An architect wants to find out the measure of a building to build one exactly the same. His shadow measures 1.90 meters and his height is 2 meters. The building’s shadow measures 40 meters, can you tell me what the height of the building is? 40 meters 1.90 meters 2 meters 40 = 2.00 X = X = 76 X = 38 meters X

Example 3.  A pilot wants to find the height of his airplane. He measures 1.90 meters, his shadow measures 1.80 meters. The shadow of the airplane measures 25 meters. What is the airplanes height? 25 meters 1.80 meters 1.90 meters 25 = 1.90 X = X = 45 X = 23.7 meters X

SCALE FACTOR, PERIMETER & AREA

How to use the scale factor to find the perimeter and area.  PERIMETER: To find the perimeter using scale factor, you first need to find the perimeter of each triangle. Then you create a fraction with each perimeter, but remember, it is the smaller shape over the bigger shape. Then you simplify the fraction. The ratio of the perimeter is the same as the ratio of their sides.  AREA: To find the area using scale factor, you first need to find the area of each shape. You make a fraction out of those areas (small shape over the bigger shape). After you have made the fraction, you simplify it all the way and then you square it.

Example 1.  Find the perimeter and area for each shape and then use the scale factor. PERIMETER: 1 6 = 2 24 = 3 AREA: 1 6 = =

Example 2.  Find the perimeter and area for each shape and then use the scale factor. PERIMETER: 8 17 AREA:

Example 3.  Find the perimeter and area for each shape and then use the scale factor. PERIMETER: 1 2 = 1 24 = 2 AREA: = =

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS

What are the 3 ratios?  Ratio One (SIN): the sine of an angle is the ratio of the length of the leg opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse.  sinA: opposite leg hypotenuse  Ratio Two (Cosine): the cosine of an angle is the ratio of the length of the leg adjacent to the angle to the length of the hypotenuse.  cosA: adjacent leg hypotenuse  Ratio Three (Tangent): the tangent of an angle is the ratio of the length of the leg opposite the angle to the length of the leg adjacent to the angle.  tanA: opposite leg adjacent leg

Example 1.  Find the 3 trigonometric ratios for the shape. Sin: 5/13 Cos: 12/13 Tan: 5/

Example 2.  Find the 3 trigonometric ratios for the shape. Sin: 3/10 Cos: 8/10 Tan: 3/

Example 3.  Find the 3 trigonometric ratios for the shape. Sin: 9/15 Cos: 10/15 Tan: 9/

How are they used to solve for right triangles?  What does it mean to solve a right triangle? Well, to solve for a right triangle, states that you have to find the measurements of each side and angle.  How to find the angles?  First, you need to know what type of ratio it is.  Then you plug in the the inverse of the ratio into your calculator (Ex. Sin-1(12/13) = 66.92)  That is how you get your angle measures.  How to find the sides?  To find the side, you need to find the type of ratio.  Then, you make a proportions with the missing value and the other side.  You plug in the side measure and then the ratio with the angle measure between those sides. (Ex. Tan40 = X; 100(tan40) = 83.9

Example 1.  Find the missing measurement for letter x. Sin42 = x/12 12(sin42) = x X = 8.02 X 12 42

Example 2.  Find the missing measurement for letter X. 8 X 42 Sin42 = 8/x 8 = xSin42/sin42 X = 11.96

Example 3.  Find the missing measurement for letter X X Sin(12/13) Sin-1(12/13) X = 67.38

ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND DEPRESSION

Angles of Elevation and Depression.  Angle of Elevation: it is the angle formed by a horizontal line and a line of sight to a point above the line. Watch from down to up.  Angle of Depression: the angle formed by a horizontal line and a line of sight into a point below the line. Watch from up to down. Angle of Depression Angle of Elevation

Example 1.  Find the missing measurement for X X Tan32 = 2/X X = 2/tan32 X = 3.2 meters

Example 2.  Find the missing measurement for X X Tan25 = 5/X X = 5/tan25 X = 4.3 meters

Example 3.  Find the missing measurement for X X Tan33 = 9/X X = 9/tan33 X = meters