Perspectives and Methods Biological Basis of Human Behavior.

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Presentation transcript:

Perspectives and Methods

Biological Basis of Human Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Consciousness

$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Perspectives and Methods Biological Basis of Behavior Sensation and Perception Learning MemoryConsciousness

Definition of Psychology

study of behavior and mental processes

What is a control group?

In a psychological experiment, group used for comparison; Does not receive the IV

Perspective that believes behavior is explained by how people interpret/think about a situation

Cognitive

Perspective that focuses on how thinking and behavior change depending on the setting or situation

Socio-Cultural

Perspective that focuses on observable behavior

Behavioral

What is the most basic building block of the nervous system?

Neuron

What two things make up the Central Nervous System?

Brain and Spinal Cord

What does the cerebellum do?

“little brain” coordination; memories of tasks (implicit memories)

In the endocrine system, what is the master gland?

Pituitary Gland

System that controls breathing, blood pressure, and digestive processes

Autonomic Nervous System

The process by which our sensory systems (eyes, ears, etc) and nervous system receive stimuli from our environment

Sensation

____ are the receptor cells for color and ____ are the receptor cells for black and white

Cones; Rods

The minimum amount of stimulation a person can normally detect

Absolute Threshold

What is the difference threshold?

The minimum difference that a person can detect between two stimuli

A binocular depth cue resulting from slightly different images produced by the separation of the retinas in the left and right eye

Retinal Disparity

Who discovered classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov

the diminishing of a learned response

Extinction

What is discrimination?

A process in which an organism produces different responses to two similar stimuli

B.F. Skinner is known for his work with what type of learning?

Operant Conditioning

What is the difference between reinforcement and punishment?

Reinforcement is anything that increases the likelihood of a behavior while punishment is anything that decreases the likelihood of a behavior

What are the three steps in the information processing theory?

Encoding Storage Retrieval

What is a mnemonic device?

A memory trick or technique for remembering specific facts

What is semantic encoding?

Encoding of meaning

What is explicit memory and what part of the brain controls it?

Memories of facts and experiences Hippocampus

What is proactive interference?

When a old memory gets in the way of a new memory

Stage of sleep where most dreams occur

REM

Machine that measures brain waves

EEG

Type of body rhythm that happens once a day

Circadian rhythms

What is a post hypnotic suggestion?

A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, that the subject will carry out when no longer hypnotized

What are the two theories of hypnosis?

Social-influence theory and divided consciousness theory