Beyond Kyoto Equity and Climate: In Principle and Practice Prepared for the Pew Center on Global Climate Change by John Ashton and Xueman Wang

Outline  Equity and Climate Change  Five Dimensions of Equity  Equity in Practice  Equity Conditions for a new Agreement  Mitigation Options

InterestsEquity Equity, Interests and Effort Potential for agreement EquityInterests

Equity Dimensions Five Dimensions of Equity: What about future generations? Responsibility Entitlements Capacity Basic Needs Comparable Effort

Equity in Practice (1) Domains of choice:  Emissions  Consequences of Climate Change  Resource Transfers  The Process

Equity In Practice (2) Emissions Responsibility - H istorical - Current/Future Entitlements - Contraction and Convergence Comparable Effort - Competitiveness Per capita emissions as a metric

Equity in Practice (3) Consequences of Climate Change - responsibility - capacity - basic needs Resource Transfers - finance for development Process - transparency - capacity to participate

Consequences of Climate Change Resource Transfers Process Equity in Practice (4) More Help adapting to climate change low carbon sustainable development engaging with the process

Equity in Practice (5) This means: ­ no unique, objective way to reconcile competing equity claims and fix tradeoffs ­ outcome must stand up in all five equity dimensions, and in each domain of choice So leave room for politics

Conditions for an Equitable Outcome Mitigation US participation Leadership by industrialized countries Some developing countries constrain emissions Assistance Help with climate impacts Other kinds of help

Mitigation Options The case for variable geometry Fixed targets Relative targets Safety valve No lose targets Graduation threshold Consumption adjustments Sectoral targets 

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