A Divided Nation CH 15 The Beginnings of the Civil War

1. Slavery in the West The Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, and Kansas-Nebraska Act all concerned the extension of slavery into western territories.

2. Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise attempted to slow the spread of slavery in the West by banning slavery north of the latitude line.

3. Missouri Compromise  Slavery was useful in the agricultural economies of the West.  Territories were divided into anti- slavery and pro- slavery.

4. Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise temporarily forestalled the outbreak of the Civil War by keeping a balance of free and slave states.

5. Popular Sovereignty The Kansas- Nebraska Act established the concept of popular sovereignty.

6. Popular Sovereignty The idea of popular sovereignty repealed the Missouri Compromise. It meant that residents of new territories could allow slavery or decide against it.

7. Popular Sovereignty A state’s inhabitants could vote for or against slavery. The Republican Party was formed in opposition to the idea of popular sovereignty.

8. Kansas-Nebraska Act This Act actually helped spread slavery because it allowed the population of each state to determine the status of slavery.

9. Kansas-Nebraska Act After the Kansas- Nebraska Act, a group of “Border Ruffians” acting on behalf of proslavery activists terrorized those organizing the territory in becoming a state.

10. California Joins U.S. The Missouri Compromise kept the balance of free and slave states until California applied for statehood.

11. California Joins U.S. The Compromise of 1850 resulted in the admission of California as a free state and enacted the Fugitive Slave Law.

12. Compromise of 1850 The Fugitive Slave Law affected free African Americans because slave catchers working for profit would use the law to kidnap and sell back freed slaves.

13. Compromise of 1850 Senator Daniel Webster’s issue with the Compromise of 1850 was that it made a peaceful division of the Union impossible.

14. “Bleeding Kansas” John Brown was responsible for the antislavery incident that led Kansas to be known as “Bleeding Kansas.”

15. Brown and Harper’s Ferry In 1859, John Brown raided the armory at Harper’s Ferry to protest against slavery.

16. Brown and Harper’s Ferry Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry was just one in the series of violent acts over the issue of slavery.

17. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe’s book, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, was published at this time and advocated for the abolition of slavery.

18. Dred Scott v. Sandford The Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court case helped establish a policy of slavery in new territories.

19. Dred Scott v. Sandford The effect of this Supreme Court case was to upset northerners because it expanded slavery into territories.

20. Election of 1860 Southerners nominated John Breckinridge to run against Abraham Lincoln for President of the U.S. in 1860.

21. Election of 1860 No Southern state voted for Lincoln, who ran as a Republican. This illustrated the concept of sectionalism.

22. Sectionalism Sectionalism, the growing disagreement over states’ rights, and issue of slavery increased tensions between the North and the South.

23. President Lincoln Lincoln warned of this crisis over slavery and the possibility of secession and war. “A house divided against itself cannot stand.”

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