Presented by Lagos Brewery Medical Team

What is common cold ? Common cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract which primarily affects the nose. It is also known as nasopharyngitis, rhinopharyngitis, or simply a cold.

Causes The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. The most commonly implicated viruses includes: Frequently more than one virus is present. In total over 200 different viral types are associated with colds.

Mode of transmission Airborne droplets (aerosols) generated by sneezing and coughing. Direct contact with infected nasal secretions, Hand-to-hand and hand-to-surface-to-hand contact Transmission is common in daycare and at school due to the proximity of many children. These infections are then brought home to other members of the family. There is no evidence that recirculated air during commercial flight is a method of transmission. Rhinovirus-caused colds are most infectious during the first three days of symptoms; they are much less infectious afterwards.

Signs and symptoms coughing sore throat runny nose sneezing Fever muscle ache fatigue headache loss of appetite

Risk Factors Cold viruses are almost always present in the environment. But the following factors can increase your chances of getting a cold: Age. Infants and preschool children are especially susceptible to common colds, Immunity. you can still come down with a cold when you are exposed to cold viruses or have a weakened immune system. Time of year. Colds are more frequent in the rainy season.

TIPS ON PREVENTION Regular hand washing with soap and water Eats lots of fruits and vegetables

TIPS ON PREVENTION CONTD. Use clean cups and spoons. Drink plenty of fluids

TIPS ON PRVENTION CONTD Smoking increases your chances of getting a cold Avoid smoking Cover your nose when coughing or sneezing with a handkerchief to prevent the spread.

SUMMARY OF TIPS ON PREVENTION Regular hand washing with soap and water Avoid bad habits such as putting your hands in your mouth or picking nose Lots of fluids, fruits and vegetables Cover your nose when coughing or sneezing with a handkerchief to prevent the spread. Regular exercise

The symptoms described can be confused for malaria and many other common illnesses. IF YOU HAVE ANY OF THE SYMPTOMS DESCRIBED, PLEASE VISIT THE CLINIC.