 Conferences to reduce armaments/keep peace were failures  U.S. had 2 options 1. More energetic attempts at stabilizing world 2. More energetic attempts at isolating the nation - Americans chose Option #2  Congress wanted to design safeguards to keep U.S. from being dragged into another war. Result was:

 Goal: Protect US from events which had pressured US to enter WW1  Requirements: 1.Can not sell weapons to aggressor OR victim 2.President has power to warn American citizens that traveling on ships of warring nations is at own risk.

1.Prohibited from transporting any passengers or articles to belligerents 2. U.S. citizens forbidden from traveling on ships of belligerent nations. 3.Cash and Carry Policy – people in a fight could purchase only non-military goods from the US, but had to pay cash and carry goods away on their own vessels.

 FDR was not an isolationist, but he knew the American public strongly supported that view, so he did not veto Neutrality Act.  FDR supported Internationalism instead, the belief that trade between nations creates prosperity and helps to prevent war.

 Germany invades Poland = GB and France declare war on Germany  Phony War – no fighting between Allies and Axis (Winter-Spring ‘39-’40)  Germany invades Denmark, Norway, Belgium and France  Threatens Great Britain

 US extends Cash and Carry to military goods to help allies.  LEND-LEASE ◦ Britain is bankrupt can’t pay cash for weapons, so U.S. “lends” weapons on promise G.B. will return or pay U.S. back after the war.

 Churchill and FDR met on a ship off Newfoundland coast August 9-12, 1941  A joint proclamation by the US and GB declaring that they were fighting the Axis powers to "ensure life, liberty, independence and religious freedom and to preserve the rights of man and justice."  Served as a foundation stone for the later establishment of the UN

1.Is the U.S. Neutral? (They did not officially declare war until Dec. 1941) 2.Why do you think the U.S. supported the allies, despite claiming neutrality?