Unit 6 – Lecture 5

Plantae domain eukarya multicellular autotrophic reproduces using alternation of generations immobile believed to have evolved from algae plants have many adaptations that make them suitable for living on land instead of in the water, like algae

Adaptations leaves – broad and flat to capture light from photosynthesis

Adaptations cuticle – waxy coating on leaves which prevents water loss plant does not have to live in water to retain moisture

Adaptations roots – absorb water and nutrients, anchors plant plant-like protists do not have these some offer food storage

Adaptations vascular tissues – for transport of materials

Vascular Tissue xylem – transportation of water and minerals moves bottom up – from roots to leaves phloem – transportation of products of photosynthesis moves top down – from leaves to roots stem – structural support, holds vascular tissues non-vascular plants and plant-like protists must have a constant water source to use osmosis and diffusion to transfer nutrients and wastes

Adaptations seeds – plant embryo + food supply seed coat – protective layer to keep in moisture many have means of dispersal maples, dandelions, etc

Adaptations seeds – plant embryo + food supply delayed growth until favorable conditions more effective than spores [per ratio] do not need continuous water to reproduce

Adaptations Alternation of Generations sexual and asexual phases of reproduction ALL plants do this at some point allows plant to live in many habitats

Review Summarize the six [6] things which allow plants to live further away from a water source / to live on land.

Plant Diversity vascular plants – can grow much larger because of support structures like stems includes most familiar plants

Plant Diversity non-vascular plants – no more than a few cells thick much smaller in overall size require a LOT of moisture use direct osmosis/diffusion mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Plant Diversity seed plants – all are vascular palm, vine, ginko, conifers, flowering plants

Plant Diversity non-seed plants – require water for reproduction sperm must swim through water to get to egg can be vascular or non-vascular ferns, mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Review Summarize the four [4] basic types of plants.