The Multi-Store Model

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)

Sensory memory – you tell me what it is!!

Evidence for three memory stores Sensory store: Sperling (1960) – Showed participants grid of letters and digits for 50 ms (eye blink) – If asked to recall the whole thing – about 42% accuracy (5/12) – BUT if told to recall a particular row based on a tone (high = top, medium = middle, low = bottom) – recall was 75% (3/4 items)

Evidence for STM and LTM as separate stored Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) – serial position effect We’ll try a version of this now What is the primacy effect? Which store does it give evidence for and why? What is the recency effect? Which does it provide evidence for and why?

The Brain and STM/LTM Using PET scans and fMRI scans: – Beardsley (1997) – STM tasks show activity in prefrontal lobe – Squire et al (1992) – LTM tasks show activity in hippocampus

Case Studies Scoville and Milner (1957) looked at HM – Hippocampus was removed to reduce severe epilepsy – Personality and intellect remained in tact – Could remember things from before the surgery – BUT couldn’t form long term memories – SUGGESTING that the hippocampus is some kind of transfer point through which new memories must pass before becoming permanent

Now try Questions 1 to 7 on page 8 Read through pages on Case studies – make a table that shows the strengths and weaknesses of the case study as a research method.