Reconstruction Chapter 10 Section 1

Reconstruction Battles Confederacy lay in ruins South’s economy was in collapse Reconstruction = rebuilding Reconstruction = rebuilding

Lincoln’s Plan Lincoln wanted a moderate policy Lincoln wanted a moderate policy that would reconcile Southerner’s with the Union

Radical Republicans Three Main Goals Three Main Goals 1. Prevent leaders of the confederacy from returning to power after the war 2. Wanted the Republican Party to become a powerful institution in the South 3. Guarantee African Americans the right to vote

The Wade – Davis Bill take an oath of allegiance to the Union Majority of adult white males in a former confederate state to take an oath of allegiance to the Union Each state could hold a convention to create a new government Each state would have to abolish slavery Each state would have to abolish slavery Deprive all former Confederate government officials and military officers of the right to vote or hold office Deprive all former Confederate government officials and military officers of the right to vote or hold office Congress passed this bill but Lincoln blocked it with a pocket veto Congress passed this bill but Lincoln blocked it with a pocket veto

Freedmen’s Bureau Helped African Americans who had been freed during the Civil War Helped African Americans who had been freed during the Civil War Fed and clothed war refugees in the South Fed and clothed war refugees in the South Helped formally enslaved people find work on plantations Helped formally enslaved people find work on plantations Negotiated labor contracts with planters – specified pay amount and the number of hours Education Provided education for former slaves Provided buildings for schools Helped establish colleges

Johnson Takes Office Southern Democrat before the war Remained Loyal and stayed in the Senate Remained Loyal and stayed in the Senate Johnson’s Plan Johnson’s Plan Issued an amnesty proclamation (excluded former Confederates who owned property worth more than $20,000) Issued an amnesty proclamation (excluded former Confederates who owned property worth more than $20,000) Issued a proclamation for NC Issued a proclamation for NC Each former confederate state had to call a constitutional convention to revoke its ordinance of secession, ratify the 13 th amendment, and reject all Civil War Debts Each former confederate state had to call a constitutional convention to revoke its ordinance of secession, ratify the 13 th amendment, and reject all Civil War Debts

Black Codes Severely limited African American’s Rights Severely limited African American’s Rights African Americans Required to enter annual labor contracts Children had to accept apprenticeships and could be whipped or beaten while serving the apprenticeships Set specific work hours for African Americans and required them to get licenses to work in non-agricultural jobs

The 14 th Amendment Civil Rights Act of 1866 Civil Rights Act of 1866 Granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States except Native Americans Granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States except Native Americans Allowed all African Americans to own property and were to be treated equally in court 14 th Amendment Citizenship was granted to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and no state could deprive any person of life, liberty, or property

Military Reconstruction Military Reconstruction Act Military Reconstruction Act Divided the former Confederacy (except for Tennessee) into five military districts Divided the former Confederacy (except for Tennessee) into five military districts A union general was placed in charge of each district A union general was placed in charge of each district Give all adult males the right to vote regardless of race Give all adult males the right to vote regardless of race Ratify the 14 th Amendment Ratify the 14 th Amendment End of 1868 six former confederate states had met all requirements and were readmitted to the Union North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas

Johnson’s Impeachment Command of the Army Act Command of the Army Act Required all orders from the president to go through the headquarters of the general of the army Required all orders from the president to go through the headquarters of the general of the army The Tenure of Office Act The Tenure of Office Act Required the Senate to approve the removal of any government official whose appointment had required the Senate’s consent Required the Senate to approve the removal of any government official whose appointment had required the Senate’s consent Johnson fired his secretary of war – Edwin Stanton Stanton locked himself in his office and refused to leave House of Representatives voted to impeach Johnson for high crimes and misdemeanors Senate voted 35 to 19 – one vote short of conviction Finished his term quietly and did not run for re-election Republicans nominated Grant for President Republicans nominated Grant for President Large number of African Americans voted Large number of African Americans voted

The 15 th Amendment Right to vote no matter the race, color, or previous condition of servitude Right to vote no matter the race, color, or previous condition of servitude