The Road to War Ch 8 Section 1 Reading Check

Key Terms

Imperialism Extending a nations power by competing for control of overseas territories.

Militarism the aggressive strengthening of armed forces

Central Powers The coalition of nations in World War I that included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empires

Allied Powers A group of nations that aligned to fight the Central Powers in World War I. The Allied Powers included Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy and the United States

Mobilize to prepare military for war

Trench warfare defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches

Stalemate neither side can win a decisive victory

U-boats German submarines: U-boats launched torpedoes against Allied supply ships, causing heavy loses.

Who: Archduke Franz Ferdinand When: June 28, 1914 Where: Sarajevo So What? The heir to the throne of Austria Hungary. Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Gavrillo Princep, a Serb nationalist. His assassination shattered the fragile peace in Europe.

Reading Questions

1. What four factors contributed to the outbreak of World War I? A. Nationalism B. imperialism C. militarism D. alliances

2. What is nationalism? A strong sense of pride and loyalty to one’s nation or culture

3. How did nationalism cause tensions in Europe? Nationalism inspired people who shared a language or culture to want to unite politically.

4. How did imperialism cause tension in Europe? European powers competed for control of overseas territories. This created competition for territory.

5. How did nations seek to protect themselves from other powerful nations in the late 1800s? They formed new alliances.

6. What was the spark that started World War I in Europe? The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in Sarajevo on June 28, Gavrillo Princep

7. what was living in a trench like? Soldiers fought in cold, wet, muddy ditches for months. The trenches were breeding grounds for diseases and bugs. The empty ground between the trenches was called “no man’s” land. It was stripped of trees and full of holes from artillery shells.

Bonus Trivia # 1 What Serbian Nationalist terrorist organization was Gavrillo Princep a member of? a.The Fists of Righteous Harmony b.The Society of the Black Hand c.The Sons of Liberty d.One Direction The Black Hand was a secret society formed by the Serbian military with the goal of uniting all Slavic people into one independent nation

Bonus Trivia # 2 Other than the Great War which of the following was a name for WWI: a)The Kaiser’s War b)The Franco-German War c)The War to End All Wars d)The War of the Worlds The term came from a book written by H.G. Wells in 1914

8. How successful was trench warfare as a strategy? Not successful because new weapons could penetrate this defense and troops could not move forward effectively.

9. What new technologies made WWI a deadlier war than previous wars? Machine guns New artillery Poisonous gas Tanks Airplanes U-boats (submarines)

Bonus Trivia # 3 Which army was the first to use the Flamethrower in WWI? a.The British b.The French c.The Italians d.The Germans The Flammenwerfer struck fear in the British and French soldiers as it used pressurized air and carbon dioxide or nitrogen to belch out a stream of fire up to 18 meters (about 60 feet)!

10. What attacks were launched by both sides in 1916 to attempt to break the stalemate? In February, The Germans attacked the French city of Verdun The Battle of Verdun). In the summer, the Allies staged an attack along the Somme River (The Battle of the Somme). In both battles very little ground was gained but over a million men were killed.

11. What did Germany use to attempt to break the British navy’s blockade of Central Power ports? The Germans used U-boats to attempt to break the blockade by launching torpedoes.