Glaciers & Glaciation. Glaciers Glacier: a large, long-lasting mass of ice, formed on land that moves under the influence of gravity and its own weightGlacier:

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Presentation transcript:

Glaciers & Glaciation

Glaciers Glacier: a large, long-lasting mass of ice, formed on land that moves under the influence of gravity and its own weightGlacier: a large, long-lasting mass of ice, formed on land that moves under the influence of gravity and its own weight Glaciers form by accumulation and compaction of snowGlaciers form by accumulation and compaction of snow –Packed snow becomes –Packed snow becomes firm –Then refreezes to ice

Glaciation Types Alpine glaciation: found in mountainous regionsAlpine glaciation: found in mountainous regions Continental glaciation: exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial iceContinental glaciation: exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice Cover vast areas

Continental Glaciers Alpine Glaciers Two types of glaciers

Features of Alpine Glaciation

Horn Arete A steep-sided, pyramid- shaped peak produced by headward erosion of several cirques. A sharp, jagged, knife-edge ridge between two cirques or glaciated valleys.

CirquesGlacial Valley Horn Arete

A glacial trough of a tributary glacier elevated above the main trough. Hanging Valley

Tarns a lake in a cirque

Outwash Plain Braided Stream Glacier A plain formed by a blanket-like deposition of glacial outwash.

U-shaped Valleys

Glacial Till Loess Glacial Sediments ___________________ Unsorted and unstratified sediments that collect directly from the melting of ice. Unstratified sheets of clayey silt that are transported beyond the margins of a glacier by wind and/or braided streams ______________________

Moraines Unsorted Till Moraines are large piles of rocks composed of Unsorted Till (glacial debris)

Medial Moraines Lateral Moraines

Drumlins Ice Flow

Kettles A round lake in a depression in glacial drift... formed by melting of an isolated block of ice.

Kame A steep-sided mound of stratified drift... that formed in contact with glacial ice.

Erratic A boulder that was carried far from its source by a glacier.

Esker A long, narrow, sinuous ridge of stratified drift... deposited by meltwater streams flowing beneath the glacier.