© T. M. Whitmore Today – South Asia Huge & Complex region India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan Bangladesh, Pakistan Environment Tectonics Regions Climate
© T. M. Whitmore Last time – Questions? Korea Environment, settlement, history, & economy Taiwan Environment, settlement, history, & economy
© T. M. Whitmore South Asia Environmental Regions I Tectonic landscapes Indian plate collision with Eurasian plate Indian plate collision with Eurasian plate Himalaya (and other( Mountain barriers to the N and W => severe earthquake hazard Oct Pakistan Earthquake
Oct quake
N
© T. M. Whitmore South Asia Environmental Regions II Deserts West of Indus R. valley Thar or Great Indian
Copyright 2005 All Enthusiast, Inc.
© T. M. Whitmore South Asia Environmental Regions III Great River valleys Indus Ganges Brahmaputra Valley population concentration Indian (or Deccan) plateau and the Ghats Indian (or Deccan) plateau
Indus Ganges Brahmaputra
W. Ghats E. Ghats Deccan Plateau
W Ghats
© T. M. Whitmore South Asian Climates Climatic regions Dry and semi-arid in W Rainfall variable with elevation, aspect, location, and season Hot tropical and semi-tropical Seasonal progression of temperatures The “monsoon” is the summer rainfall regime in most of S Asia and SE Asia The “monsoon” A system of alternating-direction winds
Calicut in the W Ghats
© Pearson Education – Prentice Hall
© T. M. Whitmore South Asian Environmental hazards Tectonic (mentioned already) Climatic Failed monsoon (and also flooding)flooding Tropical cyclones (like our hurricanes) Tropical cyclones Huge populations live in low lying areas Huge populations live in low lying areas Human induced Deforestation & Desertification Deforestation Salinization Salinization
1999 floods in Bangledesh: Dieter Ludwig/Sipa
(Calcutta) >21m > 7m > 15 m
> 13 m
Salinization, caused by salty irrigation water Salinization, caused by high water table