Roman Achievements

Greco-Roman Civilization Greek Influence Greek Influence Blended Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic Cultures Blended Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic Cultures

Pax Romana Expanded and solidified Roman empire Expanded and solidified Roman empire Established uniform financial system = expanded Roman trade Established uniform financial system = expanded Roman trade Safe travel on Roman roads Safe travel on Roman roads Stable social classes Stable social classes Increased emphasis on family Increased emphasis on family Created civil service system Created civil service system Uniform law codes Uniform law codes

Roman Art Greek Influence Greek Influence Sculptures – Realism and Idealism Sculptures – Realism and Idealism Portraits – Show individualism/character Portraits – Show individualism/character

Roman Relief

Roman Architecture Greek (classic) and Roman (elaborate) Greek (classic) and Roman (elaborate) First to use concrete on massive scale First to use concrete on massive scale Built palaces, temples, stadiums, and arches Built palaces, temples, stadiums, and arches Domes – example in the Pantheon Domes – example in the Pantheon Arches – examples from aqueducts and Coliseum Arches – examples from aqueducts and Coliseum Roman Forum – center of city Roman Forum – center of city

Pantheon

Colosseum

Colosseum

Roman Arch

Roman Forum

Roman Amphitheatre

Roman Engineering Built roads, bridges, aqueducts, and harbors Built roads, bridges, aqueducts, and harbors

Roman Aqueducts

Network of Roads

Roman Road

Roman Baths

Roman Science Greeks remained dominant Greeks remained dominant Ptolemy – theory that the Earth was the center of the universe Ptolemy – theory that the Earth was the center of the universe Pliny the Elder – compiled volumes on geography, zoology, and botany Pliny the Elder – compiled volumes on geography, zoology, and botany

Roman Literature and History Age of Augustus = Golden Age Age of Augustus = Golden Age Lyric Poetry Lyric Poetry Virgil – Aeneid (glory of Rome) Virgil – Aeneid (glory of Rome) Historians focused on theme = Rise and Fall of Rome Historians focused on theme = Rise and Fall of Rome Latin and romance languages from Rome Latin and romance languages from Rome

Pompeii

Virgil’s Aeneid

Roman Language

The Roman Family and Society Paterfamilias = family headed by dominant male and household that included wife, children, slaves Paterfamilias = family headed by dominant male and household that included wife, children, slaves Children – raising, education Children – raising, education Role of Women and Marriage Role of Women and Marriage Social Changes…end of the Paterfamilias Social Changes…end of the Paterfamilias Daily Life in Rome Daily Life in Rome Conditions for the poor and Circus Maximus Conditions for the poor and Circus Maximus Slavery very prominent in Rome Slavery very prominent in Rome