Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills The school system in Romania Colegiul Economic Buzau Proiect finanţat de Comisia Europeană prin programul Socrates. Acest materialreflectă doar opinia autorului şi nu reprezintă în mod necesar poziţia oficială a Comisiei Europene.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills In Romania education is compulsory from 7 till 16 years old. Primary education lasts for four years. Lower secondary education lasts for other four years and leading to the Capacity Certificate. a centralized educational system regulated by the Ministry of national education to ensure a national uniformity. and divided in school districts called ISJ/ with regional inspectors for each discipline.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills Upper secondary school education is organized as a second cycle of education (grades 9 through 12 or 9 through 13). Graduates can pass the Bachalaureat Exam which gives access to higher education. Graduates from Schools of Art and Trade obtain a Competencies Certificate. They do not have the right to apply for higher education programmes. Also the graduates from Technological highschools obtain a Competencies Certificate.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills The overall national goals are set out by Government / Ministery of Education and Ressearch in: The Education Act Ocupational standards Curricula An important role is now to the National Agency for Quality in Education- monitoring activities of schools and provide audit. The municipalities are to distribute resources and organize education such that students are able to achieve the national goals. Individual schools, preschools and leisure-time centres can then choose work methods suited to their local conditions. This work is followed up in annual Quality reports.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills PRIMARY SECONDARY BAC + 2, 3, 5, 7 Nursery school……………..1-7 Elementary school………7-11 High school……… Vocational BACCALAUREAT Universities Diploma of high level technicien (BTS) Gymnasium…………… National test / certificate UPPER SECONDARY

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills High school Technological IX-XII SAM IX-X Bacalaureat Level of calification 1 XI Level of calification 2 XII-XIII Level of calification 3 HIGH LEVEl TECHNICIAN UNIVERSITY National Test Level of calification 3 Level of calification 3(+) Level of calification 4/ 5 ROUTEPROGRESSIVEROUTEPROGRESSIVE DIRECTROUTEDIRECTROUTE Structure of Technical and Profesional education

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills Non-traditional studies: Open Distance Learning A National Centre for Open Distance Education has been created with branches in 8 main university centres and has the full support of 12 universities within the PHARE Programme for Multi-Country Cooperation for Distance Education. Lifelong higher education Ministries, national authorities, commercial companies or other legal entities run, jointly with education units or separately, adult training and refresher programmes to improve qualifications of their present or future employees, or re-train them. Such programmes are not certified by the Ministry of Education, except for the retraining courses offered to the unemployed jointly with the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection for re-employment purposes.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills Other forms of non-formal higher education Open education institutions can be created with the Ministry of Education's consent for adult education or for the attainment of specific goals. Open Distance Learning courses lead to a final examination and graduation Certificate recognized by the Ministry of Education and Research according to the Minister's Order no 3457/

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills There are no registration and/or tuition fees for public secondary education. In matters concerning boarding schools, pupils’ parents/legally appointed guardians have to pay for meals and accommodation. However, in a rather important number of cases the scholarships granted to the pupils. Schools books are free till X grade.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills The school year in Romania comprises two semesters, two or three holidays during the school year and a summer holiday. The calendar of the school year is established each year through Order of the Minister of Education and Research. The school year 2006/2007 has 35 weeks of school (5-day week system), summing 175 school-days.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills Secondary education is usually organised in the morning, starting each day of the week (5-day week system) at 8 am and continuing up to 1, 2 or 3 pm – depending on the educational level, etc. Lessons are 50 minutes long and are followed by 10 minutes breaks. Most schools organise a 20 minutes break after the third lesson. In schools functioning in double shifts due to insufficient schooling capacity, certain classes start their programme from 12, 1 or 2 pm and end at 5, 7 or 8 pm. Due to the fact that a given class studies either in the morning or in the afternoon, usually there is no lunch break specifically set in the daily timetables of the schools. The only exception to this situation is where schools organise at their own initiative after-school programmes for the pupils.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills Teacher`s training There are 3 steps to follow like a teacher/ by exams: Appointed teacher Second degree teacher First degree teacher There is also under construction a system of credits that can be enhance by following seminars, courses.

Enhancement in teaching and learning of computers and language skills Computers Ministery of Education and Research have a strong policy in developing the network of computers in schools. Also there is in work a project SEI to improve the didactic materials with the ones for computers- AEL is a project that develop lessons for sciences, technologies to be used on computers in class.