8 th Grade Georgia History

Tariff – A tax on imported goods that makes normally cheaper foreign goods more expensive so that people have to buy local goods Northerners supported it because it helped people who were in the iron and coal business Southerners opposed it because those businesses were mostly in the north, so it just made things in the south more expensive Some southerners tried to nullify (cancel out) the tariff, but Andrew Jackson threatened to take military action if they didn’t follow the rules.

Who do you think was right, the North or the South? Respond in 1 sentence.

The belief that the states should generally make their own laws, not the federal government Typically the North opposed states rights (enacting tariffs, banning slavery, etc.) Typically the South supported states rights (nullifying tariffs, deciding on slavery, etc) Response (1 Sentence): In general, should the national government make laws it thinks are best for the country or should each state decide what’s best for themselves?

Slavery was connected to many controversial issues Abolitionists were people who tried to end slavery Abolitionists wrote books and articles, gave speeches, and helped slaves escape to achieve their goal.

In the 1820s, Charles Fitzhugh published Positive Good Thesis of Slavery. In his writing, Fitzhugh argued that whites had a responsibility to feed, clothe, and provide religious instruction to slaves, as they were too unintelligent and uncivilized to properly care for themselves. Many southerners agreed with Fitzhugh and believed that they were doing Africans a favor by enslaving them. Write a four sentence letter to Charles Fitzhugh and try to change his mind. Don’t be rude to him, or you won’t be able to change his mind.

Dred Scott was a slave who was living in a free state with his master Scott filed a lawsuit claiming he should be free since he was living in a free state The Supreme Court ruled that Scott should never have been allowed to sue because he was a slave not a citizen They also said that slaves were property, not people

What do you think would have happened if the Supreme Court had ruled in favor of Dred Scott? How would it have impacted the country? Respond in at least 3 sentences.

At this point there were 11 free states and 11 slave states (which meant equal votes in the Senate) The South was scared that if new states were free, they might try to ban slavery When Missouri applied to be a state, there was a debate on whether it would be free or slave Response: How would you solve this problem without destroying the country?

Missouri will be a slave state All new states north of Missouri’s southern border will be free At the same time, Maine became a free state, keeping the balance

15 slave states, 15 free states, California wants to be a state and be free Response – How would you solve this situation without destroying the country?

California is a free state Fugitive Slave Law – Northern states will return runaway slaves to their owners Georgia Platform – Meeting led by Alexander Stephens that persuaded South to accept the deal

Despite the law saying new states north of Missouri’s southern border have to be free, Kansas and Nebraska want to become states and vote on the slavery issue Response – How will you solve this issue without destroying the country?

That portion of the Missouri Compromise was repealed and Kansas and Nebraska were allowed to vote Many people moved to these two states and began to fight (nickname: “Bleeding Kansas”)

At this time, Republicans were the party for freeing slaves The North supported Abraham Lincoln The South supported John Breckinridge (Democrat)

Use this map to answer the questions on your sheet (except for the last one). John Breckinridge is in grey Abraham Lincoln is in red