Imperialism This land is your land this land is my land…Not so fast on that first part…

Imperialism What is it? What fueled it?

Reasons for Imperialism Need for Raw Materials Prestige and Greatness Racism- Social Darwinism and White Man’s Burden

Industrial Revolution Source for Raw Materials Markets for Finished Goods European Nationalism Missionary Activity Military & Naval Bases European Motives For Colonization Places to Dump Unwanted/ Excess Popul. Soc. & Eco. Opportunities Humanitarian Reasons European Racism “White Man’s Burden” Social Darwinism

The “White Man’s Burden ” Rudyard Kipling

The “White Man’s Burden”?

Types of Imperialistic Rule What are the two main countries? Direct Rule vs. Indirect Rule

Types of Imperialistic Rule Colony Protectorate Sphere of Influence Economic Imperialism

Why imperialism succeeded? Modern Weapons Modern means of transportation Quinine

Positive effects Reduced local warfare Improved infrastructure Economic growth

Negative effects Lost Control and independence Brought in diseases Loss of culture Civil wars- after Europeans leave

Africa The Dark Continent Dr. David Livingston Henry Stanley Colonization fueled by Belgium and Leopold II- Congo

Where Is Dr. Livingstone? Dr. David Livingstone Doctor Livingstone, I Presume? Sir Henry Morton Stanley

Victoria Falls

European Explorations in mid-19c: “The Scramble for Africa”

Africa in the 1880s

The Congo Free State or The Belgian Congo

King Leopold II: (r – 1909)

Harvesting Rubber

Punishing “Lazy” Workers

5-8 Million Victims (50% of Popul.) It is blood-curdling to see them (the soldiers) returning with the hands of the slain, and to find the hands of young children amongst the bigger ones evidencing their bravery...The rubber from this district has cost hundreds of lives, and the scenes I have witnessed, while unable to help the oppressed, have been almost enough to make me wish I were dead... This rubber traffic is steeped in blood, and if the natives were to rise and sweep every white person on the Upper Congo into eternity, there would still be left a fearful balance to their credit. -- Belgian Official

Belgium’s Stranglehold on the Congo

The Berlin Conference – – Liberia and Ethiopia

Berlin Conference of

Africa in 1914

South Africa Boers Cecil Rhodes- Rhodesia British and Zulu Wars- 1887

Dutch Landing in 1652

Boers Clash With the Xhosa Tribes Boer Farmer

The Great Trek, Afrikaners

Diamond Mines Raw Diamonds

Shaka Zulu (1785 – 1828)

Cecil Rhodes ( ) “ The Colossus of Rhodes”

Paul Kruger ( )

Boer-British Tensions Increase 1877 – Britain annexed the Transvaal – Boers fought British in the Transvaal and regained its independence. - Paul Kruger becomes President. 1880s – Gold discovered in the Transvaal

The Boar War  Commandos  Concentration Camps

The Boer War: The Boers The British

A Future British Prime Minister British Boer War Correspondent, Winston Churchill

Suez Canal Ottomans lose territory Egypt- Muhammad Ali- British Suez Canal- 1869

India 1600s British East India Company Coffee, Tea, Cotton, Opium “Crown Jewel” Sepoy Rebellion 1857 Gandhi

Asia Britain takes Singapore, Burma France takes Indochina- Vietnam Siam/Thailand US- Philippines- Spanish America War 1898

American Imperialism

China Opium Wars- 1840s Hong Kong Extraterritoriality Open Door Policy Boxer Rebellion-1900

The Open Door Policy