Heat Exchange. HOW IS THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFERRED? 3 MECHANISMS: CONDUCTION CONDUCTION CONVECTION CONVECTION RADIATION RADIATION.

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Presentation transcript:

Heat Exchange

HOW IS THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFERRED? 3 MECHANISMS: CONDUCTION CONDUCTION CONVECTION CONVECTION RADIATION RADIATION

HOW IS THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFERRED? CONDUCTION – collisions of particles within a system due to a difference in temperature.

HOW IS THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFERRED? CONVECTION – current within a fluid (i.e. water or air) caused by the rising of hotter fluid and the falling of cooler fluid. The mixture of two fluids of different temperature

HOW IS THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFERRED? RADIATION – excitement (increased KE) of particles due to absorption Electromagnetic Waves.

Temperature Scales

Absolute Zero O K or °C is the lowest possible temperature °C to K  [K] = [°C] ΔT in K = ΔT in °C Theoretical state in which particles have no energy at all.

Absolute Zero O K or °C is the lowest possible temperature °C to K  [K] = [°C] Theoretical state in which particles have no energy at all. Quantum gas goes below absolute zero? Quantum gas goes below absolute zero?

Consider this scenario We have two containers filled with 200 g of 20 °C water. 50 g of 100 °C is placed in one container and 50 g 100 °C is placed in the other. How will their Equilibrium Temperatures compare? 20 °C Al Cu 20 °C

Consider this scenario We have two containers filled with 200 g of 20 °C water. 50 g of 100 °C is placed in one container and 50 g 100 °C is placed in the other. Heat lost by the hotter metals will be equal in magnitude to the Heat absorbed by the cooler water Qloss + Q gain = 0 20 °C Al Cu 20 °C

Consider this scenario We have two containers filled with 200 g of 20 °C water. 50 g of 100 °C is placed in one container and 50 g 100 °C is placed in the other. Using Qloss + Q gain = 0 Let’s calculate the equilibrium temperature for each scenario. 20 °C Al Cu 20 °C

. What is the equilibrium temperature? 50 g of 100 °C is placed in 200 g of 20 °C water (C of water = 4180 J/(kg K) and C of Al = 897 J/(kg K)). What is the equilibrium temperature? In a closed, isolated system, ΔE=0 In a closed, isolated system, ΔE=0 or or Q loss + Q gain = 0 Al 20 °C 100 °C 20 °C 50g Al 200 g water

Exit Ticket By show of fingers indicate: 1) Radiation2) Conduction3) Convection (A) (B) (C)