Work and Energy Energy. Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy – energy of an object due to its motion Kinetic energy depends on speed and mass Kinetic energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Work and Energy Energy

Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy – energy of an object due to its motion Kinetic energy depends on speed and mass Kinetic energy = ½ * mass * (speed) 2 KE= ½mv 2 Energy is measured in Joules (J)

Kinetic Energy

Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem The net work done on an object is equal to the change in the kinetic energy of that object Net work = change in kinetic energy W net =ΔKE

Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem Speed of the object and kinetic energy increase if work is positive Speed of the object and kinetic energy decrease if work is negative Kinetic energy is the work an object can do as it comes to rest Kinetic energy is the amount of energy stored in an object

Potential Energy Potential energy – energy associated with an object due to the position of the object –Relative and is based on a frame of reference –Abbreviated PE or U –Measured in Joules (J) –Two main kinds of potential energy Gravitational and elastic potential energies

Gravitational Potential Energy Gravitational potential energy (PE g ) – potential energy associated with an object due to the position of the object relative to the Earth or some other gravitational source –Based on height from a zero level –Gravitational potential energy = mass * free- fall acceleration * height –PE g =mgh –As objects fall gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy –At the zero level, the object no longer has any gravitational potential energy

Gravitational Potential Energy

Elastic Potential Energy Elastic potential energy – the potential energy in a stretched or compressed elastic object –E–E–E–Energy of springs and rubber bands Relaxed length – the length of a spring when no external forces are acting upon it –A–A–A–As the spring is compressed, elastic potential energy is stored in the spring

Spring constant – a parameter that expresses how resistant a spring is to being compressed or stretched –Has units of Newtons / meters (N/m) Elastic potential energy = ½ * spring constant * (distance compressed or stretched) 2 PE elastic = ½kx 2

Elastic Potential Energy

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