WWI Weapons: Poison Gas By: Kinjal Damania, Saba Khalid, Deanna Chan, Anita Antwi, Alexandria Haris.

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Presentation transcript:

WWI Weapons: Poison Gas By: Kinjal Damania, Saba Khalid, Deanna Chan, Anita Antwi, Alexandria Haris

Which country developed Poison Gas? -First use of chemical gas came in the form of tear gas (first used by French). - Tear gas was unsuccessful because it froze in cold temperatures -German developed Chlorine(poison) gas as the war progressed.

Which country developed Poison Gas? -Chlorine gas was first used by Germans in the battle of Ypres on april 22, 1915

HOW WAS POISON GAS USED -All poison gases ( tear gas, chlorine gas, phosgene gas, and mustard gas ) were all used the same way. -They were originally released from cylinders -Use of cylinders were replaced with safer gas artillery shell and projector because shift in wind caused the gas to blow back to the side that released it.

HOW WAS POISON GAS USED -Projector= a device that lobbed a football size gas projectile into enemy’s trench. CHLORINE GAS- caused irritations to the eyes, vomiting, and coughing.

EFFECTS OF POISON GAS - Tear gas-designed to prevent enemies from defending their positions. Irritated eyes made one cry. -Mustard gas- caused chemical burns on contact with the skin -Phosgene gas- caused irritations to the eyes and respiratory tract.

CHANGES IN FIGHTING TECHNIQUES 1.Line of Defense a.Soldiers were not able to function due to either i.Sneezing or coughing fits ii.Blindness iii.Itchy redness turning into painful blisters b.Soldiers started to constantly carry gas masks i.Duck Bill ii.British Model

2.Attack Tactics a.Gas attacks aimed to break through trenches b.Poison gas was either shot through artillery or machine guns CHANGES IN FIGHTING TECHNIQUES

IMPACT OF THE WAR AS A WHOLE 1.Short Term Effects: a.Everyone joined the bandwagon b.As quick as the fad came, it left i.The act of surprise was lost… 2.Long Term Effects: a.Many deaths but not as many as casualties b.Still used today!

Advantages 1.It has been claimed as one of the most feared weapons. 2.It was extremely difficult to protect yourself from the poison gas. 3.Because it is heavier than air, it can go through the shell holes in which soldiers could be hiding.

Advantages Continued... 4.It was an element of surprise. 5.It can be used at any given time in the trenches. 6.If the soldiers couldn’t put their gas masks in time; or if they failed, the gas would leave the soldiers in agony and then after weeks, the victims would eventually succumb to his injuries.

Disadvantages ●The weather created a huge affect on the gas attacks. ●When the wind direction changes, it could blow at their own army instead of the enemy’s army.

Disadvantages ●Rain and strong wind would put out the gas bombs. ●Even though gas attacks were effective in the beginning, but as time passed armies were able to develop better methods of protection and so then the gas attacks weren’t as effective.

How weapon has been changed /improved upon since WWI -1914: WWI, Germans began to develop chemical weapons -France and Britain developed as well after the Germans won at the Second Battle of Ypres -1917: Germans invented mustard gas -Entering war in 1917, the United States started to use chemical weapons (are now involved) -For the following years of WWI, Britain, France, and Spain were still engaged with these weapons introduce-poison-gas

Continued : The Geneva Protocol of 1925 banned the use of chemical weapons in war but did not outlaw their development (wasn’t official) -During WW2, chemical warfare was reduced to a limit because many nations were supplied with chemical weapons and the defenses (gas masks, protective clothing, etc.) -1990: The United States and the Soviet Union signed an agreement to cut chemical weapons by 80%

Continued : An international treaty was signed, banning the production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons -This treaty took effect in 1997 and has been ratified by 128 nations -Today: one deadly chemical that soldiers use is sarin gas -chemical weapons today are identified for the use of bombs

Interesting Fact ●Who invented the idea of Poison gas -Fritz Haber He used the amount of nitrogen and mixed it with hydrogen at certain temperature and certain pressures to actually make it dangerous. The Germans then used the cases and installed the Mustard gas in the cases for the war.

Fritz Haber

Works Cited ● 1/weapons-for-attackhttps://sites.google.com/site/worldwar1class6/weapons-of-world-war- 1/weapons-for-attack ● ● ● who-invented-poison-gas-a-horror-story/ who-invented-poison-gas-a-horror-story/ ● ● ● ● ●