by George Orwell Directions: On the left side, there is an important quote from Animal Farm. On the right side, explain the significance of the quote. 60 Points Double Entry Journal QuoteMy explanation is... It says... At this there was a terrible baying sound outside, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. They dashed straight for Snowball, who only sprang from his place just in time to escape their snapping jaws. Chapter V My explanation is... Napoleon orders the dogs to chase Snowball off. He officially declares Snowball an enemy. He wants to manipulate the animals into working for him.

Quote My explanation is... It says All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others. Chapter X My explanation is... It says “If you have your lower animals to contend with,” he said, “we have our lower classes!” Chapter X My explanation is... Mr. Pilkington says this to Napoleon. It shows the corrupt ideas the humans and the pigs both have. The lower animals are used as a metaphor to the working class. This shows the pigs’ systematic abuse of logic and language to control the other animals. Soon the pigs will adjust the commandments to better serve their interest.

Thinking Critically Chapter VIII and Chapter IX 1.What purpose is served by the production figures Squealer reads to the animals? 2. How is Napoleon becoming more and more like a typical dictator ? 3. What makes the battle against Frederick’s men different from the Battle of the Cowshed? The pigs fool the other animals by manipulating facts and figures to prove they are producing more and are much better off than they have ever been before. He is rarely seen in public, is always surrounded by his guard dogs, has an entourage that attends him whenever he goes out, has his own apartment in the house, has a taster for his food, and eats alone off fine china. There is no strategic defense planned for the farm. The men are better prepared and have more weapons, and the leaderless animals quickly hide.

4. Why do the men blow up the windmill? 5. The animals celebrate a victory, but at what cost? 6. Why are the animals so easily fooled, even when they find Squealer with a ladder and white paint beside the barn at night? The humans see it as a symbol of the pigs’ ability to run the farm. By destroying the windmill, the men probably think the animals will give up and Mr. Jones will regain his farm. The windmill is destroyed; Boxer has a split hoof, bleeding knees, and buckshot in his hind leg; several animals have been killed; and all of the animals, except Squealer who hid, are injured. Thinking Critically None of them are really smart enough to bring up any arguments. Squealer has to explain the decisions. He begins to shed doubts on Snowball’s bravery at the Battle of the Cowshed and again threatens them with the return of Jones if they don’t agree with Napoleon.

7. What is happening to Boxer? 8. What are living conditions like for all of the animals except the pigs and dogs? Boxer is working himself to death. he is not recovering from his injuries as quickly as he should because he practices his own motto, “I will work harder.” Thinking Critically The animals are working harder than ever and are given less food. Rations are cut repeatedly, a “readjustment” according to Squealer, who uses more facts and figures to prove how well off the animals really are.

9. Why does Napoleon allow Moses to return and to tell his stories about Sugarcandy Mountain? 10. What happens to Boxer? How do the animals accept it? The animals’ physical condition is so miserable that they need the hope of a better life after death. With this promise, they will put up with more privation since they will eventually be rewarded. Boxer is working himself to death. he is not recovering from his injuries as quickly as he should because he practices his own motto, “I will work harder.” Thinking Critically

Chapter X 1. What changes have the years brought to the farm? 2. How does Orwell make fun of bureaucracy? 3. How do the animals no feel about their social order, their farm? Most of the animals who were alive during the Rebellion are dead. The farm is now prosperous. Other animals have been bought to replace the dead ones. The windmill has been finished. The pigs now spend hours typing up reports, minutes, and memos, which are then burned in the furnace. The pigs and dogs accomplish nothing productive. The animals, even the new ones, are proud to be a part of the only farm in England run by animals. They still believe there will be a time when man will be defeated. Thinking Critically

Chapter X 4. What drastic actions do the pigs use to shatter the animals’ complacency? 5. All seven commandments are erased. What is the new commandment and how has it been true from the beginning? The pigs begin to walk upright on two legs, Napoleon carries a whip, the pigs begin to wear the Jones’s clothing, a telephone is installed, and they subscribe to newspapers. The sheep have been taught a new motto, “Four legs good, two legs better. The new commandment reads: “ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS.” This commandment has been true from the beginning when Napoleon drank the milk, when the pigs had already taught themselves to read and write. Now the pigs have openly stated what has always been true. Thinking Critically

Chapter X 6. At the conference with neighboring farmers, what new changes does Napoleon point out? 7. What happens to the pigs’ appearance? The farm is cooperatively owned by all the pigs. The farm has been changed back to The Manor Farm. All traces of the Rebellion have been erased. As the animals watch, the pigs begin to resemble the humans. There are no longer any differences between them. The animals can finally see their true situation, but it is too late to do anything about it. Thinking Critically

Directions: Use this page to gather and organize the crucial information about the story. 100 Points Story Notes Title Did you predict the meaning of the story’s title Main Characters (Tip: Before listing them, determine what makes someone a “main character) Setting (Tip: Setting includes not just time, but place and atmosphere) Primary Conflicts/Central Problems Animal Farm The title suggests the Animals will take over their Farm Napoleon, Squeler, Snowball, Boxer, Mollie, Old Major, Mr. Jones, Mr. Pilkington Manor Farm, turned to Animal Farm after the animals rebel. The farm animals are mistreated and neglected by Mr. Jones, giving the story a very dark mood. Animal Farm is about the rise of power of a tyrant. Napoleon abuses his power, chases Snowball away and manipulates the other animals with the help of Squeler.

Directions: Use this page to gather and organize the crucial information about the story. 100 Points Story Notes Main Events (Tip: Before listing them, determine the criteria for a “main event.” Climax Old Major presents his ideas about a farm free from man’s tyranny. When he dies only three nights after the meeting, three younger pigs—Snowball, Napoleon, and Squealer—formulate his main principles into a philosophy called Animalism. The animals manage to defeat the farmer Mr. Jones in a battle, running him off the land. They rename the property Animal Farm and dedicate themselves to achieving Major’s dream. Napoleon and Snowball disagrees about the windmill. Napoleon and his guard dogs chase Snowball away and banishes him. Napoleon cruel use of power forces the animals to work. Squeler lies to the animals and changes the commandments at will. In Chapter V, Napoleon runs Snowball off the farm with his trained pack of dogs and declares that the power to make decisions for the farm will be exercised solely by the pigs. Squealer justifies Napoleon’s cruel actions; Napoleon continues to consolidate his power, eliminating his enemies and reinforcing his status as supreme leader; the common animals continue to obey the pigs, hoping for a better future.