Hispanic/Latino Reporting In Census 2000 Jorge del Pinal Population Division U.S. Census Bureau December 8, 2001

2 Hispanic/Latino Population New York City n 1990: 7.3 million total population –1.7 million Hispanics –23.7 % of total population n 2000: 8.0 million total population –2.2 million Hispanics –27.0 % of total population n 1990 to 2000 change: – 423,000 – 24% increase since 1990

3 New York City Hispanic/Latino Population

4 Hispanic/Latino Population Los Angeles City n 1990: 3.5 million total population –1.4 million Hispanics –39.3 % of total population n 2000: 3.7 million total population –1.7 million Hispanics –46.5 % of total population n 1990 to 2000 change: – 349,000 – 25% increase since 1990

5 Los Angeles City Hispanic/Latino Population

6 OMB Standards On October 30, 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) published a Federal Register Notice entitled “Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity.” –Federal Register, Vol. 62, No. 210, Thursday, October 30, 1997, pp

7 Two Changes Greatly Affect Data Products n Respondents may select more than one race. n The “Asian and Pacific Islander” category was split into: –“Asian” –“Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander” n

8 Changes to the Hispanic Origin Question n Question Wording changes: – Is this person Spanish / Hispanic/ Latino? – Is this person of Spanish / Hispanic origin?

9 Changes to the Hispanic Origin Question n Examples on questionnaire: – (Print one group, for example: Argentinean, Colombian, Dominican, Nicaraguan, Salvadoran, Spaniard, and so on) – No examples other than the check box categories. n Write-ins were not processed on short form in 1990 but were in 2000

style mail short form

11 Census 2000 mail short form

Alternative Questionnaire Experiment For additional information see: Martin, Elizabeth, Manuel de la Puente, and Claudette Bennett, 2001, Martin, Elizabeth, Manuel de la Puente, and Claudette Bennett, 2001, “The Effect of Questionnaire and Content Changes on Responses of Race and Hispanic Origin Items: The Results of a Replication of the 1990 Census Short Form in Census 2000”

13 Alternative Questionnaire Experiment (AQE) n During 2000 Census, experimental panels randomly assigned to receive –1990-style mail short forms (10,500 households) –Census 2000 short forms (N=24,889) n Analysis based on mail responses (72-73% of each panel mailed back forms) n Simplified version of Census 2000 codes and pre-edits applied to data from both forms n Missing data not imputed.

14

15 AQE Responses to Hispanic Origin

AQE: Detailed Hispanic Origin Groups For additional information see: Martin, Elizabeth, 2001, Martin, Elizabeth, 2001, “Some Evidence about Questionnaire Effects on Reporting of Specific Hispanic Groups in Census 2000”

17 3 categories of Hispanic groups n Groups with separate check boxes in both forms –Mexican/Chicano/Mexican Am., Puerto Rican, Cuban n Groups listed as examples in ‘90 but not 2000 form –Argentinean, Colombian, Dominican, Nicaraguan, Salvadoran, Spaniard n All other specific Hispanic groups

18 AQE Hispanic Responses

19 AQE Conclusions n The 2000 Census mail questionnaire “resulted in fewer reports of specific groups” compared to the 1990 design. n “… it is probable that the effect is due to the combined effects of question wording and the deletion of examples in the Census 2000 questionnaire.” –Source: Martin, Betsy, 2001, Some Evidence about Questionnaire Effects on Reporting of Specific Hispanic Groups in Census 2000

20 American Community Survey n Large rolling sample of households –700,000 in 2000, 2001, 2002 –3 million starting in 2003 pending Congressional funding –Uses “long form” similar to Census 2000 n Three methods of collection –mail out form with advance letter, reminders, second form if necessary –Computer aided telephone interview (CATI) follow-up for mail non-respondents –Computer aided personal interview (CAPI) follow-up for one-in-three CATI non-respondents

21 United States: Census vs. Supplementary Survey (C2SS)

22 Los Angeles City: Census vs. Supplementary Survey (C2SS)