Sound and Hearing. Basic Facts Longitudinal wave Audible range (human): 20Hz – 20,000Hz.

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Presentation transcript:

Sound and Hearing

Basic Facts Longitudinal wave Audible range (human): 20Hz – 20,000Hz

Wave equation for sound (Skip)

Wave Equation for Sound Summary

The bulk modulus for air

The bulk modulus for air (Alternative Method)

Speed of sound in air

Sound Intensity and Energy Flux (Skip) Energy flux is defined as the amount of energy passing through a unit surface area per unit time. Intensity is the average energy flux. Unit: Jm -2 s -1 =Wm -2 [Recall that Js -1 =W ]

Sound Intensity (Skip)

Sound Intensity and Energy Flux Energy flux: The amount of energy passing through a unit surface area per unit time. Intensity is the average energy flux. Intensity: Energy flux averaged over time Same unit: Jm -2 s -1 =Wm -2 [Recall that Js -1 =W ]

Intensity falls with distance

Simple Example on Intensity

The Decibel Scale

Examples

The Doppler effect Wavelength and frequency change when the source (or the listener) is moving.

Doppler effect equation

Doppler effect example