T HE R ENAISSANCE IN THE N ORTH

I NTRO ! S HARE THE WEALTH ! Most cities in the 1200 to 1400s were in Italy but with the specialization of goods (section 1!) and the spread of wealth, cities started popping up everywhere! Paris! London! Amsterdam!

T HE P RINTING R EVOLUTION - S TART THE P RESSES !!! ______________ - of Mainz, Germany printed the first complete edition of the Bible using a printing press with moveable type. Why would this be important in the spread of Humanism and other Renaissance ideas? Why was the Bible the first thing printed on Gutenberg's Printing Press? How were books made before Gutenberg’s Printing Press? Easier access to books which meant the spread of literacy. The more people that can read= a more educated public with an easier exchange of ideas! Johann Gutenberg!! Before the Printing Press = Few Thousand books After… MILLION!!!!

H E SAID WHAAAAAAT?! A. Desiderius Erasmus B. Sir Thomas More C. William Shakespeare D. Christine de Pisan 1.Wrote on the views of women and their roles in society of the time and also advocated equality and education for women. 2.Leading Christian humanist writer 3.Introduced humanism to England and also served the Tudor dynasty (more on that later!) 4.Had a deep understanding of human nature and wrote more on real life situations and character development as opposed to the morality plays that came before. Take 1 minute and show me what you got!

Erasmus Showed that humanism didn’t have to be a rejection of the Christian ideals One could still live a Christian life but, like Luther, exclude the politics of the church and rule one’s self with a “pure and simple” Christian life. Advised educating children Writings were condemned by the Church. Sir Thomas More Introduced humanism to England Friends with Erasmus Wrote Utopia Criticism of English government and society. Created a non-existent, perfect world based on reason The leading Christian Humanism writer. L ETS TALK M IX AND M ATCH !!!!

Cue video 34 seconds: qE Even though this is a comic portrayal of Shakespeare’s Hamlet it is an excerpt verbatim. William Shakespeare ( ) Drew inspiration from ancient and contemporary works of literature. Had a deep understanding of human emotion - Humans are not just driven and emotional by the love and fear that they have towards their chosen deity but by human interaction as well. Themes and language in which his plays were presented were accessible and relatable to an uneducated public.

G IRL P OWER ! Finally a woman! Christine de Pisan Wrote works that focused on women’s role in society specifically The City of Women Also wrote poetry, a biography on Charles V (she grew up in the his French court) Championed equality and education for women Where have you heard of these ideas before? Women receiving a non-formal education in Afghanistan. Women getting the right to vote in Saudi Arabia! Feminist movement. Rosie! 20 th Century

S PREADING LIKE WILD FIRE ! How and why did the ideas of the Renaissance art spread? Italy at this time was a melting pot of ideas, eccentric people flocked from all over Artists were respected in Italy, in most countries art was seen as a hobby, not a profession. Because of the art boom in Italy, it began to raise the status of artists everywhere. “In Italy I am a gentleman, at home I am a parasite” Artists would go to Italy to learn techniques and then bring them back to their country or travel to other countries.

T HE B OLD AND THE B EAUTIFUL VS. T HE N ITTI G RITTY Italian Renaissance 1. Subject Matter- Capturing the beauty of Greek and Roman Gods and stories from the Bible. 2. Realism and perspective 3. Beauty, balance and harmony in everything. Northern Renaissance 1.Subject Matter- a more realistic view of humanity. Tried to depict people as they really were. 2.Painted with oils which enhanced the details that made some of the works so realistic 3.Fused the everyday with the religious through the use of symbolism. EX: “A single lit candle or the light streaming through a window are representations of God’s presence. La Primavera - Botticelli Pieter Brueghel’s – The Wedding Dance

“N ORTHERN A RTISTS ” One of the most influential painters who brought back the ideas from Italy to his hometown of Germany. Perfected the use of oils as a medium Albrecht Durer Jan van Eyck Used perspective + realism Painted with oils Focused on landscapes and domestic life Flemish Durer’s – The Last Supper Jan van Eyck’s- The Madonna of Canon van der Paele

A NOTHER VAN EYCK WORK : T HE ARNOLFINO WEDDING (& NO, SHE ’ S NOT PREGNANT … IT ’ S THE DRESS … REALLY ….)

L AST BUT NOT LEAST …. Pieter Brueghel and Hans Holbein