NC Rebellions

Bacon’s Rebellion Culpepper Rebellion Cary Rebellion Tuscarora War Rebellions/Conflict Bacon’s Rebellion Culpepper Rebellion Cary Rebellion Tuscarora War

Colonial Government and Rebellion Few could vote Only men White, 21 years old Property owners (50 acres)

1. Bacon’s Rebellion 1676 in the Virginia Colony Nathaniel Bacon – Planter from England Angry with Governor Berkeley

Bacon’s Rebellion 1676: Greed in Virginia for rich farmlands pushes settlers into conflict with natives Settlers desire to move onto treaty- protected lands 29 year-old Nathaniel Bacon petitions gov’t to approve war with natives

Bacon’s Rebellion Unhappy about low tobacco prices, limits on voting rights, rule by an aristocratic minority, and lack of protection from the Native Americans

Bacon’s Rebellion Governor refuses, Bacon attacks anyway Eventually, Bacon sees the Gov’t as a obstacle Bacon wages war on the gov’t and burns down the capital (Jamestown) Bacon dies of dysentery, rebellion eventually fades out Largely unsuccessful, but Berkeley (governor) did step down

2. Culpeper’s Rebellion 1677 – rebellion against the Navigation Acts Monopolized colonial trade for England (only English merchants and ships to England) Tariffs/Export Taxes placed on colonial products Tobacco was usually shipped to Boston and other goods to the West Indies

The Vestry Act and Test Act 3. Cary’s Rebellion The Vestry Act and Test Act Designed to ensure Anglican rule Vestry Act – new tax used to build Anglican Churches Test Act – elected officials must swear on bible to uphold Anglican faith

Quakers, Lutherans, and Catholics All offended and angered Quakers protest by petitioning Lord Proprietors Thomas Cary (Governor) is fired, Edward Hyde replaced him Attempts to enforce acts

Cary’s Rebellion Cary supported Quakers and religious dissenters Hoped to get his job back Elections held (1708), Cary wins! 1708-1711 – Cary allows Quakers to hold office without swearing

Thomas Cary

English Response Cary replaced with Hyde Cary sailed on Pamlico, fired on Hyde’s home Caused major disruption in Carolina, represented a diminished role for Quakers in state politics

4. Tuscarora Native American territory to west Used as slaves by colonists Population decline from 120,000 to 16,000 in a century New technology = guns, glass beads, clothing, alcohol, etc..

Buildup to War 1711 – New Bern settled in Tuscarora territory John Lawson, Christoph von Graffenreid and an African slave leave on expedition into Tuscarora territory Captured, Lawson killed – others were released later

Tuscarora decide to try to push Europeans out of Carolina Grievances: The Tuscarora War Tuscarora decide to try to push Europeans out of Carolina Grievances: Kidnapping and enslaving their people Alcohol Cheated during trade Poor treatment by Europeans

The Tuscarora War Native Americans attack Bath County Plan to destroy all plantation Hundreds killed (even children) Women and children taken as slaves Dead left for dogs and vultures

Results NC calls for aid from South Carolina and Virginia 1713 – South Carolina responds with Catawba and Yamassee Indians Tuscarora defeated at Ft. Neoheroka 1000 were killed/enslaved, forced out of NC to NY