Hazard Identification & Safety Risk Management

 Hazard Identification and safety risk management (SRM) are the core process in the management of safety.  Hazard identification and safety risk management are dogmatic components that underlie the comprehensive concept of system safety. a belief that people are expected to accept without asking question DOGMATIC

 To develop safety management practices that are relevant and effective, a clear understanding of what is a hazard and what is safety risk is essential.  To identify hazard, an individual must have clear understanding about hazard.  As review, there are 3 types of hazard:  Natural hazard  Technical hazard  Economic hazard

 Hazard identification is a continuous, ongoing and daily activity.  Hazard identification and reporting are everybody’s responsibility.  Therefore, all personnel in aviation organizations should be receive in the appropriate safety management training.  So that everybody in the organization is prepared and able to identify and report hazard.

Figure : Hazard consider from communication

Figure : Hazard consider from work environment factors.

Figure : Hazard consider from human performance

 Basically, ABC is the formula use in doing the hazard analysis.  Another example of hazard analysis. A State the generic hazard Example: Bad weather B Identify specific components of hazard Example: Icing Lightning C Naturally leading to specific consequences Example: Wing heaviness Instrument malfunction Aircraft collision due to poor visibility

 What is the relation between Safety Risk Management (SRM) with SMS? SAFETY MANAGEMENT HAZARD IDENTIFICATION SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT SMS PLANNING SMS OPERATION SYSTEM

 The key perspective of safety of an organization is the outcome of safety.  Safety risk management is the key component of the safety management process.  Safety risk management is the process to achieve the safety outcome.

 Safety risk management is a general term encompasses the assessment and mitigation of the safety risks of the consequences of hazard that threaten the capabilities of an organization, to a level as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP).  ALARP = as low as reasonably practicable.

Risk Mitigation  The process of implementing actions or defenses.  To eliminate or reduce probability or severity of risks associated with hazard.

27 Warm-up exercise 01 Scenario:  Fuel spill on the apron area surface of approximately 25 m (75 ft) length and 5 m (15 ft) width, produced by an A310 ready to pushback and taxi for departure Report by the apron responsible person:  After the A310 pushback the spill was contained and the apron area was decontaminated

28 Warm-up exercise 01 – results 1. Identify the hazard(s) 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) 3. Assess the probability of the risk: 4. Assess the severity of the risk 5. Determine the resulting risk index 6. Establish the risk tolerability Remote Hazardous 3B Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision Fuel spill a) Fire b) Contamination c) Sliding vehicle a) Fire

29 Scenario:  It was observed that airline baggage handling personnel generates FO(D) on the aerodrome apron area Report by the apron responsible person:  It should be noted that airline baggage handling personnel are not complying with safety standards as set in the aerodrome operating manual. This is considered a hazard that can produce incident or accident in the movement area Warm-up exercise 02

30 1. Identify the hazard(s) 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) 3. Assess the probability of the risk: 4. Assess the severity of the risk 5. Determine the resulting risk index 6. Establish the risk tolerability Remote Hazardous 3B Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision Foreign object a) Engine ingestion b) Property damage c) Tire damage a)Engine ingestion Warm-up exercise 02 – results

31 Scenario:  A parked aircraft shows damage in the left wing root near the fuselage. Such damage was caused by a maintenance stair hitting the aircraft as a consequence of the wind, apparently because the stair was not properly restrained Report by the apron responsible person:  In conditions of strong winds it is essential that all equipment around aircraft is properly restrained and locked, thus preventing the possibility of aircraft damage. Warm-up exercise 03

32 1. Identify the hazard(s) 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) 3. Assess the probability of the risk: 4. Assess the severity of the risk 5. Determine the resulting risk index 6. Establish the risk tolerability Occasional Minor 4D Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision Unsecured equipment a) Damage to aircraft b) Injury to persons a)Damage to aircraft Warm-up exercise 03 – results

33 Scenario:  The vehicle and ramp equipment parking area behind the fingers shows a large amount of FO(D) (food, trays, plastics, pillows, etc.) left behind by an airline Report by the apron responsible person:  The presence of decomposed food and others dangerous material was informed to the airline, since in addition to FO(D), this presents a bacteriological danger for people who operate in this sector, also attracting animals to the operative apron Warm-up exercise 04

34 1. Identify the hazard(s) 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) 3. Assess the probability of the risk: 4. Assess the severity of the risk 5. Determine the resulting risk index 6. Establish the risk tolerability Occasional Major 4C Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision Foreign object a) Attract wildlife b) Vehicle accident c) Bacteriological a)Attract wildlife Warm-up exercise 04 – results

35 Scenario:  A loose wheel, apparently from a baggage cart, was observed in the handling area. The driver apparently did not notice what happened. The wheel rolled at high speed through the area, hitting the fence accessing the fuel zone. Report by the apron responsible person:  This could have caused injuries to ramp personnel in addition to material damage to equipment and/or aerodrome facilities. We have insisted in the past on the periodic verification of all equipment and vehicles that operate in the aerodrome apron area Warm-up exercise 05

36 1. Identify the hazard(s) 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) 3. Assess the probability of the risk: 4. Assess the severity of the risk 5. Determine the resulting risk index 6. Establish the risk tolerability Remote Major 3C Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision Unsecured wheel a) Injury to persons b) Damage to property a)Injury to persons Warm-up exercise 05 – results

37 Scenario:  The absence of airline personnel attending the stairs was observed in three occasions, in flights from different companies. The presence of airline personnel is necessary to guide passengers when embarking and disembarking Report by the apron responsible person:  This is a risk for passengers, since they should access the apron to board aircraft in an orderly manner under the guidance of airline personnel Warm-up exercise 06

38 1. Identify the hazard(s) 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) 3. Assess the probability of the risk: 4. Assess the severity of the risk 5. Determine the resulting risk index 6. Establish the risk tolerability Remote Major 3C Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision Unaccompanied passengers in the ramp a) Injury to persons b) Damage to equipment c) Interruption of operations a)Injury to persons Warm-up exercise 06 – results

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