An induced electric current flows in a direction such that the current opposes the change that induced it. This law was deduced in 1834 by the Russian physicist Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz ( ).

Faraday’s law

x y z

x y z

x y z

apply Stoke’s theorem

I eat all magnetic monopoles!

wire carrying current I I 2w L u VV x

Bewley’s book w trick questions w not every motion generates a voltage w uniform B & v w substitution of circuit w V gen = 0!

X B 1 2 c u

X B c u V 12 = 0

X B 1 2 c u V 12 = Bcu

X B 1 2 c u V 12 = Bcu

X B 1 2 c u

X B c u V 12 = -Bcu V 12 = Bcu

X B 1 2 c u V 12 = -Bcu V 12 = Bcu

1 I 1 dl 1 B2B2 I 2 dl 2 B1B1

Equation of continuity weweconomics wIwIf more comes out than you put in, the bag will decrease! wTwThere will be a flux of $. wFwFlux is related to what is or was inside the bag.

nnote that there is a flux out through a surface  z  a time t > 0 [[flux density]  s = - [  ($ density)/  t]  v x o