PRESENTATION ON IATA REGULATIONS BY PRIYANKA SWATI BHATNAGAR AVNEET KAUR

INTRODUCTION The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an international industry trade group of airlines to develop cost effective, environment friendly standards and procedure to facilitate the operation of international air transport.  Formation - April 19, 1945 (66 years ago), Havana, Cuba  Type - international trade association  Purpose/focus- represent, lead, and serve airline industry  Headquarters -Montreal, Canada  Membership 240 airlines(2011)  DG and CEO- Tony Tyler  Website - iata.orgiata.org

IATA REGULATIONS  DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATION (DGR)  LIVE ANIMAL REGULATION (LAR)  PERISHABLE CARGO REGULATION (PCR)

DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATION Dangerous Goods & Safety Worldwide The IATA 'Dangerous Goods Center of Expertise' strives to lead industry efforts to ensure the safe handling of dangerous goods in air transport, by providing a broad array of technical knowledge, products, services and training solutions tailored to meet industry needs. Dangerous goods are solids, liquids, or gases that can harm people, other living organisms, property, or the environment.

Setting the Standards Leads to Safety! Ensuring that undeclared dangerous goods do not get on board an aircraft is one of many key objectives of IATA's dangerous goods program. By defining standards for documentation, handling and training, and by actively promoting the adoption and use of those standards by the air cargo industry, a very high degree of safety has been achieved in dangerous goods transport.

Classification of dangerous cargo Dangerous goods are divided into nine classes depending on the type of hazard they pose, while the three packing groups relate to the degree of hazard. Some classes are divided into divisions as there may be several types of substances with the same type of hazard. Gases, for instance, can be toxic, flammable or non-toxic and non-flammable.  Class 1: Explosives Explosives are defined in 6 division

Contd.. Division 1.1 Explosives having a mass explosion hazard. Division 1.2 Explosives having a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard Division 1.3 Explosives having a fire hazard, a minor blast hazard and/or a minor projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard. Division 1.4 Explosives presenting no significant hazard. NOTE: Class 1.4S is the only explosive acceptable on passenger aircraft. Division 1.5 Very insensitive substances having a mass explosion hazard. Division 1.6 Extremely insensitive substances that do not have a mass explosion hazard.

Class 2: Gases In this class, we find compressed and liquefied gases, and refrigerated liquefied gases. Also gases in solution, mixtures of gases and mixtures of gases with vapors of other substances. Articles charged with a gas and aerosols also belong here. Division 2.1 Flammable gas. Division 2.2 Non-flammable, non-toxic gas. Division 2.3 Toxic gas.

Class 3: Flammable liquids This class has 3 divisions. It comprises liquids, mixtures of liquids and liquids containing solids in solution or suspension, which give of a flammable vapor. E.g; combustible, fuel oil, gasoline.

Class 4: Flammable solids This class has 3 divisions. Division 4.1 Flammable solids - substances that are easily ignited and readily combustible Division 4.2 Substances liable to spontaneous combustion(ignite spontaneously) Division 4.3 Substances that, in contact with water emit flammable gases.

Class 5: Oxidizers Oxidizers are substances which, though not necessarily combustible in themselves, may cause or contribute to combustion in other materials. Division 5.1 Oxidizer. Oxidizing agents other than organic peroxides (calcium hypochlorite, ammonium nitrate, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate). Division 5.2 Organic peroxides. Organic peroxides, either in liquid or solid form (benzyl peroxides, cumene hydro peroxide).

Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances This class includes substances which are liable to cause death, injury or to harm human health if they are swallowed or inhaled, or by skin contact. Division 6.1 Toxic substances. Division 6.2 Infectious substances.

Class 7: Radioactive material This class has no division. Radioactive substances comprise substances or a combination of substances which emit ionizing radiation (uranium, plutonium).

Class 8: Corrosives This class has no divisions. It comprises substances that can cause severe damage by chemical action when in contact with living tissue, other materials or the aircraft.

Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods This class covers all articles and substances that are not covered by other classes, and includes magnetic material. Some examples are: ✓ Asbestos ✓ Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) ✓ Environmentally hazardous substances ✓ Life-saving appliances ✓ Internal combustion engines ✓ Polymeric beads RMD RSB ICE ✓ Battery powered equipment or vehicles ✓ …and many others

LIVE ANIMALS REGULATION The IATA Live Animals Regulations (LAR) is the global standard and the essential guide to transporting animals by air in a safe, humane and in a cost-effective manner. Whether you are a shipper, a freight forwarder, an airline, or an animal care professional, the LAR is a must for transporting animals humanely and in compliance with airline regulations and animal welfare standards. The LAR comprises of a comprehensive classification of 1000’s of animal species along with the container specifications required for their transport. The LAR also includes the most up-to-date airline and government specific requirements pertaining to the transport of live animals along with information on handling, marking & labeling along with necessary documentation when transporting animals by air.

General rules on live animal shipments:  Animals must be in good health and fit to travel.  It is forbidden to transport pregnant animals unless it is confirmed by a veterinary certificate that the animal is fit to travel.  Packing must be clean, leak-proof and properly closed.  It must also be labeled with appropriate labels and handling instructions.  Reservation for the whole routing must be confirmed health documents and rabies inoculation certificate are required.

Required documents: The number of required documents may differ in each shipment and depend on the type of animal and national and carrier's regulations. When a pet is transported as passenger baggage, required documents are:  health certificate  rabies or distemper inoculation certificate

CONTD.. Shipper Certification for Live Animals must accompany the shipment. This certificate consist of:  the information if the animal is under CITES classification (reg. endangered species)  the number of packages  the number of declared animals  AWB number  port of origin and port of destination  Such certificate should be filled in two copies and signed by the sender. If an animal is classified as an endangered specie (CITES), Permit Certificate is required.

PERISHABLE CARGO REGULATION Perishable are the cargoes which initial state or availability can be deteriorated under influence of temperature or humidity changes or delay in shipment. Perishable cargo can include the following :  plants: vegetables, fruits, berries and citrus plants;  original meat products: chilled or smoked meat of birds and animals, fish, seafood, eggs including incubatory eggs, caviar;  products after processing: oil, grease, frozen fruits and vegetables, sausages, canned goods, meat produce, cheese, dairy produce;  live plants, flowers, saplings, tubers and seeds;  life fish material: fry and live caviar.  preserved blood, vaccines, serum, medical and biological preparations, live human organs and frozen embryos.  Newspapers and magazines.

Contd… The Perishable Cargo Regulations (PCR) manual is the leader in temperature control and cold chain management for goods from the health care and food sectors, including pharmaceutical products and non-hazardous biological materials and includes everything you need to properly prepare, package and handle time and temperature sensitive goods quickly and efficiently.

Basic rules regarding the shipments  Perishable cargo may only be accepted for transport when it is possible that it will reach the final destination in good condition.  Before the transport it should be checked if: the transport is legal according to the law in the port of origin, destination port and all transit ports. the package is properly packed. the package is accompanied by all requested documents. it is not possible to endanger the aircraft, people or property in any way. it is possible to arrange all special handling facilities such as re-icing. the shipper should be informed about the latest delivery time to the airport before the take off. all reservations must be made and confirmed.  The shipper should provide written instructions regarding maximum acceptable duration of transportation and any special handling required. Such instructions should be put on the air waybill as well as on the packages.

Contd..  The shipper is responsible for a proper packaging according to the kind of shipment. The packing should: protect against folding keep appropriate temperature separate the package from other packages  It is forbidden to consolidate PER goods on AWB together with other goods. Perishable goods should be sent on separate AWB.  Each package containing perishable goods should be labeled with "PERISHABLE" labels and "This way up" labels if necessary, or with other labels.  In the shipment documents (AWB and CM) it should be marked, what kind of perishable goods is in the package.

Contd…  The shipper is obliged to put additional information regarding storage conditions and delivery to the receiver in “handling information”.  Health certificates and other permissions should be mentioned in "handling information" and attached to the AWB.  Every shipment containing flowers, plants, fresh fruit or vegetables must be accompanied by a sanitary certificate issued by authorities of the country of export.

VARIOUS LABELLING