Basic Chemistry pre Test.

1. Name the three subatomic particles. 2. Gravity’s affect on an object is termed: ___ 3. What does an elements atomic # tell us about the element? 4. What type of bond is formed through shared electrons? 5. Where are electrons found in terms of an atom? 6. What does an elements atomic mass tell us about the element? 7. What type of bond is formed through transferred electrons? 8. _____________ is two or more elements chemically bonded together. 9. How many atoms are in the following: (C0) ₂ H ₃ 10. _______________ is anything that takes up space & contains mass. 11. Name the two ways crystals can form naturally?

1. Name the three subatomic particles. 2. Gravity’s affect on an object is termed: ___ 3. What does an elements atomic # tell us about the element? 4. What type of bond if formed through shared electrons? covalent 5. Where are electrons found in terms of an atom? Outside of the nucleus 6. What does an elements atomic mass tell us about the element? 7. What type of bond is formed through transferred electrons? ionic 8. _____________ is two or more elements chemically bonded together. 9. How many atoms are in the following: (C0) ₂ H ₃ 10. _______________ is anything that takes up space & contains mass. 11. Name the two ways crystals can form naturally?Evaporation,magma. Protons, neutrons, & electrons weight # of protons in the element # of protons & neutrons in the element compound 7 matter

Matter, Elements, Atoms, Compounds, & Isotopes Do they really matter?

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Matter Mass vs Weight Volume Anything that has volume and mass Mass & weight are not the same Weight – is the force of gravity on an object Mass – how much is in an object Is the amount of space taken up by an object Ex. Piece of gold – has mass and volume, therefore is matter

Elements Common Elements All matter is composed of elements Substances that cannot be broken into simpler substances by chemical means Name Symbol Oxygen O Nitrogen N Hydrogen H GoldAu (latin) SilverAg (latin)

Particle Model Atom Developed by John Dalton 150 years ago each element is made up of tiny particles called atoms The smallest part of an element that has all the properties of that element

Proton & Neutron Electron Make up the nucleus of the atom 99.9% of atom Proton – positive charge Neutron – no charge Negative charge. Moves around the nucleus 1836 times lighter than Proton

Neutron Ex. Helium Atom Makes up part of the nucleus Slightly heavier than proton

Atomic Number Mass Number # of protons in an atom Average # of protons & neutrons in an atom Number of neutrons = mass # - atomic number

Drawing an Atom of Carbon C Atomic Mass Atomic # minus Atomic # = # of n0n0 = # p+ p+ and # of e-e- Carbon has 6 p + and 6 e - Carbon has 6 n 0

Ex. Potassium - K Atomic # = 19 Mass # = 39 K nucleus contains 19 protons 39 – 19 = 20 neutrons How many electrons? Same as # Protons (19)

CompoundsMolecules A substance that contains 2 or more elements chemically bonded together Ex. H – H – O = water Smallest part of a compound that still has all the properties of that compound Compound can have properties entirely unlike the elements of which it is made

Ex. H 2 O = Water Oxygen & Hydrogen Explosive Gases

Isotopes Atoms of the same chemical element with different mass numbers

Chemical bonds: an attempt to fill electron shells 1. Ionic bonds – 2. Covalent bonds – 3. Metallic bonds

IONIC BOND bond formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons

Ionic Bonds: One Big Greedy Thief Dog!

COVALENT BOND bond formed by the sharing of electrons

Reading Chemical Compounds How many different elements? H2OH2OH2OH2O How many total atoms? NaCl H 2 SO 4 Be(OH) 2

1. When an atom gains or loses an electron it is now called an ____. Ion

2. How many different elements are in the following compound? (CH 3 ) 2 CO Answer- 3

3. How many total atoms are in the following compound? (CH 3 ) 2 CO Answer- 10

4. The atomic number tells how many ____________ are in the element. protons

Using circles and + and – symbols draw a Borh/partical model diagram for this element: Label each of the sub atomic parts and identify the mass and charge for each part.