Diplomatic and Military Powers

President has the power to make treaties

 Must be approved by 2/3 of Senate

President can make executive agreements, or pacts with foreign heads of state

 Doesn’t need Senate approval

President can make executive agreements, or pacts with foreign heads of state  Doesn’t need Senate approval  Flow out of past agreements/legislation

President has the power of recognition

 Acknowledge existence of country

President has the power of recognition  Acknowledge existence of country  Cut-off diplomatic ties (persona non grata)

President has the power of recognition  Acknowledge existence of country  Cut-off diplomatic ties (persona non grata)  Often used as a step to war

Commander in chief power is the most unchecked

 Literally can lead troops into battle

Commander in chief power is the most unchecked  Literally can lead troops into battle – On 200 occasions, presidents have sent troops with out a declaration of war

Wartime Powers of a President

 Powers expand greatly

Wartime Powers of a President  Powers expand greatly  Can use the military for domestic peace

War Powers Resolution of 1973

 With in 48 hrs, must notify Congress of actions

War Powers Resolution of 1973  With in 48 hrs, must notify Congress of actions  Troops may remain for 60 days with out Congressional approval, also allow for 30 days for a safe withdrawal

War Powers Resolution of 1973  With in 48 hrs, must notify Congress of actions  Troops may remain for 60 days with out Congressional approval, also allow for 30 days for a safe withdrawal  Congress has the power to pass a concurrent resolution to end action