Lexington & Concord April 19, 1775

The Plot John Hancock, Sam Adams, other leaders were hiding from arrest in Concord. Also a stockpile of ammunition in Concord. The British troops are planning to capture them in Concord, but colonial spies find out. Paul Revere & others ride into the night to warn of approaching “regulars” Lexington 5 am: British & 77 militia meet. Mysterious shot fired. 8 colonists killed. British go on to Concord Conflict at North Bridge, 2 colonists killed, 3 British killed. 400 militia waiting on hillside, thought their homes were being burned, came down to Concord and attacked. Few deaths. British retreat.

Key People, Groups, Figures Colonists Paul Revere & Samuel Prescott ride the north route to warn colonists; PR captured by British soldiers William Dawes rides south route Militia Lex., 3000 by end) Dr. Warren –1 if by land, 2 if by sea; nursed colonists’ wounds all day Captain John Parker British General Thomas Gage & 700 British soldiers E. Burke tries to smooth things over for the colonists

Outcome 3000 colonists surround the road back to Boston, more fighting as British retreat Three times as many British were killed as Americans (270 British) These clashes proved the Americans were willing to fight for their rights as British citizens.

Hist. Significance/Importance First armed resistance resulting in British loss of life It was the “shot heard round the world”— led the way for many countries to rebel against the monarchs who controlled them Days later, Massachusetts men used propaganda to gain support from other colonists. Now about 1/3 of colonists were for independence from Britain (Patriots) 2nd Continental Congress Olive Branch Petition—asking for peace from the King (He refused) Chose George Washington to lead organized army (15-20,000)