Plant and Animal Cells Section 2.1

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Presentation transcript:

Plant and Animal Cells Section 2.1

Organisms! Oranisms prokaryoteseukaryotes BacteriaArchaebacteria E.g. Amoeba Multicellular organisms Single-celled organisms autotrophs heterotrophs Plant FungiAnimal absorptive nutrition ingestive nutrition

bacteria cells Types of cells animal cells plant cells Prokaryote - no nucleus Eukaryotes - nucleus

Cell Size Comparison Bacterial cell Animal cell  micron = micrometer = 1/1,000,000 meter  diameter of human hair = ~20 microns most bacteria  1-10 microns eukaryotic cells  microns

The Cell Theory 1.All living things are made up of one or more cells. 2.The cell is the simplest unit that can carry out life processes. 3.All cells come from other cells; they do not come from non-living matter.

A short history lesson… What advancement allowed humans to “discover” cells? Why? –The discovery of the microscope. Cells are so small that you cannot see them without the help of a microscope. What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek discover? How did he discover this? –He discovered “animalcules” or bacteria by looking at dental scrapings. Who wasRobert Hooke? What did he contribute to biology? –R. Hooke was the first person to observe cells. He observed cork under the microscope and called what he saw “cells” after the rooms where monks slept in monasteries. Which two scientists came up with the cell theory? –Schleiden and Schwann

Why study cells? Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ System  Organism –bodies are made up of cells –cells do all the work of life!

The Work of Life What jobs do cells have to do for an organism to live… –“breathe” gas exchange: O 2 in vs. CO 2 out –eat take in & digest food –make energy ATP –build molecules proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids –remove wastes –control internal conditions homeostasis –respond to external environment –build more cells growth, repair, reproduction & development ATP

The Jobs of Cells Cells have 3 main jobs –make energy need energy for all activities need to clean up waste produced while making energy –make proteins proteins do all the work in a cell, so we need lots of them –make more cells for growth to replace damaged or diseased cells Our organelles do all these jobs! ATP

Cell Organelle Hunt WS#1: Plan and Animal Cell Structures –Based on text “Cell Structure” Pg Complete Pg. 32 #1-8