MIT Lincoln Laboratory Dynamic Declarative Networking Exploiting Declarative Knowledge To Enable Energy Efficient Collaborative Sensing Daniel J. Van Hook MIT Lincoln Laboratory Lexington, Massachusetts SensIT PI Meeting October 7-8, 1999

MIT Lincoln Laboratory SensIT Dynamic Declarative Networking NEW IDEAS Employing sensor applications’ abstract data declarations at multiple layers of the network stack facilitates optimization while maintaining modularity Energy constraints of sensor networks counterbalanced through declarative subscription and publication control of routing Simulation framework and militarily relevant scenarios provide a methodology and structure for comparing and experimenting with alternative protocols and approaches Hardware experiments pit algorithms against departures from simulation models; feedback improves fidelity of models, robustness of algorithms Declarative subscription/publication protocols drive ad hoc network organization Sensor applications subscribe and publish (request to consume/offer to produce data) using abstract specifications of type, resolution, range, rate, reliability, quality, size, etc. via a Declaration Services API Exploit sensors’ subscriptions and publications at multiple levels of the communications stack via Declaration Services layer Declarative Routing Protocol (DRP) Develop simulation framework Develop sensor simulation scenarios Implement DRP in WINS nodes and demo Sensor system simulation experiments SCHEDULEIMPACT Extend declarative routing concepts Extend sensor system simulation experiments

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Declarative Approach to Networking: Subscription and Publication Making declarative knowledge explicitly available allows the infrastructure to make better resource tradeoffs.

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Declarative Routing Protocol (DRP)

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Battlefield Acoustic Detection and Tracking Scenario Acoustic “dust” sensors detect, classify, identify, and track threats Hierarchical sensor fusion Network self–organizes based on sensor data declarations (subscriptions and publications) via Declarative Routing Protocol (DRP) 10,000 node simulation completed Detect, Classify, Identify Estimate Bearing Track Report Acoustic “dust” sensor array

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Secure Building Scenario Acoustic and imaging sensors deployed after building is swept to detect and report on intruders Acoustic sensors cue imaging sensors; images are relayed to a command post Building used is the South Lab at MIT Lincoln Laboratory: 4 floors, ~300,000 Sq. Ft. Threat enters on first floor, up a staircase, and then continues on the third floor across the building 414 nodes 240 seconds duration

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Summary of Progress Declarative Routing Protocol (DRP) –Prototype of DRP is running –Initial evaluation of DRP complete; but more to do –Declaration Services API defined –Ready to adapt to WINS for demonstration Simulation framework for sensor system protocol/algorithm experimentation developed –GloMoSim/PARSEC–based –Visualization tool for observing scenario evolution –Instrumented for energy, throughput, losses, collisions, etc. Scenarios to support experimentation developed –Secure building scenario –Battlefield acoustic detection and tracking scenario –Random node placement/traffic (for scalability testing)