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States of Matter Atomic Structure Atomic Theory 100 Point 200 Points 300 Points 400 Points 500 Points 100 Point 200 Points200 Points200 Points 300 Points 400 Points 500 Points 300 Points 400 Points 500 Points Phase Changes Classification
An example of a pure substance 1. Homogeneous mixture 2. Colloid 3. Compound
What is a compound?
A substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.
What is an element made of one kind of atom?
Example of a heterogeneous mixture 1.Stainless steel 2. Sugar water 3. Jar of mixed nuts
What is a jar of mixed nuts?
Difference between an atom in ground state and one in excited state.
What is that the atom in excited state has more energy & is less stable that the atom in ground state?
States that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
What is the Kinetic Theory?
Forces of attraction limit motion of particles most in this phase.
What is a solid?
Affects the pressure of an enclosed gas.
What is temperature, volume, & number of particles of the gas?
If temp. & volume of a gas are constant but number of particles increase, pressure will do this.
What is increase?
The law that states volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature if pressure is constant is this.
What is Charles’ Law?
Which of the following factors affects the pressure of an enclosed gas? Temperature, volume, number of particles
What is all of them (temp., volume, and # of particles)?
Of choices below, the one that is NOT a clue of chemical change occurring: Change in color Formation of a precipitate Change in shape
What is change in shape?
Chemical change that does produce a precipitate: Lemon juice and milk Lemon juice and water Banana ripening
What is lemon juice and milk?
Phase change directly from solid to gas
What is sublimation?
Endothermic change from these choices: Condensation, vaporization, deposition, freezing
What is vaporization (from liquid to gas)?
Exothermic change from these choices: Vaporization, melting, sublimation, deposition
What is deposition (from gas to solid)?
What JJ Thompson experiment showed about the atom.
What is that the atom contains negatively charged particles?
Evidence shown by Rutherford’s gold foil experiment.
What is that the nucleus of atoms are dense and positively charged?
The atomic number of an element shows this.
What is the number of protons in an atom of an element?
Described by the electron cloud model.
What are the most likely locations of electrons in atoms?
An electron has the same amount of energy in all orbitals. (T/F)
What is false?
Person who coined the word “atom”.
Who was Democritus?
Person who said that the “Ratio of masses of elements in a compound is always the same.”
Who is John Dalton?
All atoms of the same element have the same mass. (T/F)
What is false?
Accurate description of John Dalton’s model of the atom.
What is “Each type of atom is represented by a tiny, solid sphere with a different mass.”?
How Bohr’s model was similar to Rutherford’s model.
What is that the nucleus is surrounded by a large volume of space?
Make your wager
If Temp. is 280K and volume is 20.0 L, find the temp. when the volume is changed to 10.0 L.
V1/T1 = V2/T2 T2 = V2T1/V1 T2=10L(280K)/20L T2 = 140K