FMD Situation in Jordan Dr. Monther El-Reefai Secretary General Assistant for for livestock OIE Delegate Jordan Ministry Of Agriculture 1

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وَالأَنْعَامَ خَلَقَهَا لَكُمْ فِيهَا دِفْءٌ وَمَنَافِعُ وَمِنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ { 5} وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا جَمَالٌ حِينَ تُرِيحُونَ وَحِينَ تَسْرَحُونَ {6} وَتَحْمِلُ أَثْقَالَكُمْ إِلَى بَلَدٍ لَّمْ تَكُونُواْ بَالِغِيهِ إِلاَّ بِشِقِّ الأَنفُسِ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ لَرَؤُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ {7} وَالْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا وَزِينَةً وَيَخْلُقُ مَا لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ {8} سورة النحل 2

قال الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم : ►تداووا عباد الله فإن لكل داء دواء إلا السأم ►قال لصاحب الجمل الذي دعا له في شفاء الجمل : ألا جعلت شيئا من القطران مع الدعاء. ►قال سيدنا عمر رضي الله عنه ويلك يا عمر لو ان دابة عثرت في العراق لسألك الله عنها ►درهم وقاية خير من قنطار علاج 3

Jordan Location and Current FMD Status 4

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► Geographic Location : north west Asia north west Asianorth west Asia ► Area : 91,880 square kilometers ► Population : 10,113,000 million people ► Capital city: Amman 2,367,000 million living in the capital. ► Administrative Units : 12 governorates and number of brigades 54 Brigade, while the number of districts 38. 6

Veterinary Services in Jordan 7

Veterinary Services in Jordan Personnel and Capacity ► Free diagnostic, therapeutic and extension services ► Provide Free vaccines against most important animal diseases ► Oversee quarantines, slaughterhouses, public health, veterinary pharmaceutical products 8

Veterinary Services in Jordan Personnel and Capacity ► 55 veterinary clinics ► 26 Mobile veterinary clinics ► 11 regional labs ► Central laboratory in Amman ► Serological and molecular diagnostic capabilities exist 9

FMD Jordan Current Situation ► Last FMD outbreak was in October- December 2006 ► Classification currently: Endemic ► Control: Vaccination (free of charge) 10

Last FMD Outbreak In Jordan 2006; Locations and Strains 11 Animal Species Affected by Outbreak Area of Outbreak Isolated FMD Strains CattleMwaqar, AmmanA Iran 05 Cattle Al-Dulil, Zarqa O Pan Asia SheepAl-KarakO Pan Asia

Instituted Control Measures ► FMD was placed on List A of notifiable animal disease in Jordan (Agrilaw # Z/42/46/44/2003) ► Quarantine and border checks (Agrilaw # Z/3/46/50 and 51/44/2003) ► Animal movement and product restrictions (Agrilaw # Z/40/46/44/2003) ► Compulsory vaccination in infected zones and prophylactic vaccination in whole country (Agrilaw # Z/40/46/44/2003) ► Now the agriculture law 13 for year

Results of FMD Passive Surveillance (samples coming to the lab) YearSheepGoatsCattleCamel

Number of Vaccinated Animals in 2014 Animal Species Total Population at Risk Number of Vaccinated Animals* Cattle Sheep Goats Camel Total

Types and Source of Filed Vaccines Used After Outbreak ► ► Small ruminants: Monovalent type O twice/year ► ► Cattle: Monovalent type O three times/year imported from Turkey ► ► Bivalent (O+A) was used after FMD outbreak imported from Russia ► ► O 1 manisa, pan asia2 ► ► Iran

Justification ► ► FMD can be economically and socially destabilizing disease ► ► Although Jordan Achieved NO Reported Outbreaks in Recent Years, the Disease still pose major threat to its animal population and economy through restrictions on animal movement and trading of live animals and animal products ► ► Economic losses on the national level due to animal death, loss of productivity and veterinary treatments and services 16

Justification ► ► The aim of reducing FMD risk in endemic countries, is a shared interest and is being considered a Global Public Good by The OIE, FAO and many other International Organizations. ► ► Therefore the aim of this Strategic Plan is Maintenance of Current Status and Possibly move to Next Stage 3 According to OIE/FAO Recommendations 17

FMD Control Policy ► ► Control the spread of the disease ► ► Limit its effects to the infected zone as quickly as possible. ► ► Minimize the overall cost of the outbreak on the animal owner and public by minimizing the number of animals and farms that might become affected ► ► Protect the health and safety of the public and those directly involved in controlling the outbreak 18

Key Result Areas ► ► Reduce the likelihood of new outbreaks of FMD by putting in place measures to prevent an incursion ► ► Detect and diagnose new outbreaks quickly ► ► Preparedness to combat the adverse effects of an outbreak 19

Surveillance, Reporting and Laboratory diagnosis ► ► Active (FAO-TCP project) and passive surveillance ► ► Serum samples must be submitted twice a year to the FMD Diagnostic Laboratory for antibody detection using ELISA. ► ► Keep computerized records for traceability ► ► Monitoring is done through reports submitted from all regions. Reports must be sent at least once a month from every municipality, even if there is no outbreak (zero reporting or negative monitoring). ► ► Investigation of reports of suspect disease outbreaks. ► ► Slaughterhouse monitoring and animal markets 20

Livestock Movement control ► ► Solid Animal Identification and registration system which allows traceability ► ► Animal movement permits (Certificates)   Inspected at several check points   Documentation, recording, and availability of the permission at all hours of the day. ► ► The fundamental components on the control of animal movement used are:   A movement permission system from the farm to the place of destination   Regulations and rules permitting declaration of FMD disease free status   Requirements that allow movement of animals to FMD protected areas   The ability to hold animals in quarantine and formal legislation to return animals to place of origin or to destroy them if necessary. 21

Vaccination and Vaccine Development ► ► Use Field strains ► ► Timely and correct diagnosis of outbreaks necessary ► ► Development of an effective national reporting and information management system ► ► Local vaccine manufacturing companies ► ► Vaccine status accreditation and record keeping ► ► Compulsory vaccination and recording ► ► Development of an harmonized (central and provincial) Laboratory Information Management System 22

Livestock-Wildlife Interface Interaction ► ► A wildlife disease surveillance must be initiated in Jordan. ► ► Any unusual mortality or disease observed in a wild animal must be investigated in consultation with (MOA or JUST Veterinary Faculty). ► ► During an outbreak of FMD wild animals will be taken into account in considering appropriate control measures ► ► If FMD confirmed in a wild animal, a Wild Animal Infected Zone will be declared. This will be of an appropriate size to prevent the spread of disease. ► ► Two stations for wildlife animals in Jordan of deer and Arabian Oryx under MOA control. 23

Public Awareness and Communication Technology (ICT) Utilization ► ► A public awareness campaign ► ► The assistance of the Communication Technology and National News Agencies must be sought. ► ► The campaign must use various types of media targeting regional and provincial issues relating to FMD control and eradication. ► ► Brochures must be produced on several aspects of the FMD campaign and on meat quality. 24

25 Animal Health Status 2- Peste des petits ruminants (PPR)  Jordan is declared officially free from RP in  PPR vaccine is currently used in small ruminants annually (at age 3 months then annually)  Pestevac which is locally produced ► attenuated homologous live vaccine (strain PPR Nig 75/1)

THANK YOU 26