Vocabulary & Notes for “Cells to Systems” Booklet (pages 1 & 2)

PROKARYOTIC Cells that do not have membrane-bound structures. Examples: archaebacteria and eubacteria

EUKARYOTIC Cells that have membrane-bound structures Eukaryotic cells make up organisms in the Protist, Fungus, Plant, and Animal Kingdoms.

An organism made up of one cell UNICELLULAR An organism made up of one cell Shown is one type of unicellular organism Another type of unicellular organism Yet another type of unicellular organism

MULTICELLULAR An organism made up of more than one, often different, cells

AUTOTROPHIC An organism that is able to make its own food (a.k.a. “producer”)

HETEROTROPHIC An organism that cannot make its own food. (a.k.a. “consumer”)

REPRODUCTION Sexual or asexual process of an organism producing more of its own kind

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION The reproductive process that involves one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent

FISSION A type of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells; occurs in prokaryotic cells

BUDDING A type of asexual reproduction in which an offspring grows out of the parent organism

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION The reproductive process involving two parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION A type of sexual reproduction in which one plant grows new plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant

DOMAINS 3 Domains Bacteria Archaea Eukarya a prokaryote cannot live in extreme environments a prokaryote - many live in extreme environments any eukaryote All forms of life are classified into three domains, or groups, based on their characteristics

6 KINGDOMS OF LIVING THINGS ARCHAEBACTERIA EUBACTERIA PROTISTA FUNGI PLANT ANIMAL

KINGDOMS OF LIVING THINGS ARCHAEBACTERIA and EUBACTERIA

PROTISTA Made of one-celled organisms and simple many-celled organisms. Examples: paramecium, amoeba (ameba), and euglena

FUNGUS Single or many-celled organisms that reproduce by spores. (Examples: bracket fungi, mushrooms, molds)

I’m not a real plant, but don’t tell Mario! Multi-celled organisms that make their own food through the process of photosynthesis.

ANIMAL Multi-celled organisms that get energy by eating other organisms.