Reform Solutions to city problems PROGRESSIVES- make positive changes in America
Prohibition Ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages
Temperance Movement Prohibition Party (1869) Women’s Christian Temperance Union (1874) Anti- Saloon League(1893) Opposed alcohol because they saw it as the cause of personal tragedies
Undermined morals Religious undertones
18 th Amendment (Volstead Act) bans alcohol (1919) More than half of the nation was already “dry”
Prohibition Era Speakeasies - illegal clubs where liquor was sold Bootleggers - producers of illegal booze (danger) (local ties) Some imported from Canada Al Capone
Detroit liquor bust
Raid in Ontario, Canada
111 st Amendment repeals (reverses) Prohibition WWWWhy? CCCCost made it not worthwhile DDDDangerous alcohol!
End Part One
Nativism Favoring native-born Americans over immigrants Various organizations (Immigration Restriction League, Know-nothing Party) promoted nativism (successes?)
Other Reform Social Gospel-apply Christianity to society Settlement house- type of community center for urban poor Jane Addams- Hull House in Chicago Classes, crafts, child care, camps, health care
Hull House
Expansion of Public Education MMMMost children attended elementary school 1111870- only 2% of students graduated high school
states had passed laws making school compulsory Literacy -ability to read and write Challenge for immigrants
CCCChild labor laws increased number of children in school SSSSchool year increased (average) 78 days to 144!